دانلود مقاله ISI انگلیسی شماره 16190
ترجمه فارسی عنوان مقاله

مدیریت زنجیره عرضه با اقتصاد بازار

عنوان انگلیسی
Supply chain management with market economics
کد مقاله سال انتشار تعداد صفحات مقاله انگلیسی
16190 2001 10 صفحه PDF
منبع

Publisher : Elsevier - Science Direct (الزویر - ساینس دایرکت)

Journal : International Journal of Production Economics, Volume 73, Issue 1, 31 August 2001, Pages 5–14

ترجمه کلمات کلیدی
- مدیریت زنجیره عرضه - برنامه نویسی مبتنی بر بازار - توزیع محصولات - پارادایم چند عامل - سیستم توزیع
کلمات کلیدی انگلیسی
Supply chain management, Market-oriented programming, Product distribution, Multi-agent paradigm, Distribution system
پیش نمایش مقاله
پیش نمایش مقاله  مدیریت زنجیره عرضه با اقتصاد بازار

چکیده انگلیسی

Supply chain management (SCM) is now recognised as one of the best means by which enterprises can make instant improvements to their business strategies and operations. SCM, however, is generally based on the simple theory of constraints (TOC) concept, and is not always concerned with Pareto optimal solutions in product distribution. Since market price systems constitute a well-understood class of mechanisms that under certain conditions provide effective decentralisation of decision making with minimal communication overhead, we propose SCM based on market-oriented programming in this paper. In market-oriented programming, we take a metaphor of economy computing multi-agent behaviour literally, and directly implement the distributed computation as a market price system. We define the agent activities to negotiate the tradeoffs of acquiring different resources, so as to realise the multi-echelon optimisation. Several simulation experiments on the supply chain model with multi-echelon structure clarify the market dynamics that emerge through the agent negotiations. It is confirmed that careful constructions of the decision process according to economic principles can lead to Pareto optimal resource allocations in SCM, and the behaviour of the system can be analysed in economic terms.

مقدمه انگلیسی

During the last few years the focus has shifted from factory level to enterprise level due to the increasing global presence of the companies. Supply chain management (SCM) is now recognised as one of the best means by which enterprises can make instant improvements to their business strategies [1]. Manufacturers and suppliers have to decide if they would like to form close relationships not to have partial solutions. Real benefits can only be attained by sincere commitment from each of the partner to use what is proposed. Sharing of information is central to the optimisation of resource allocation (i.e., product distribution) in the supply chain. SCM is generally based on the simple theory of constraints (TOC) with throughput-based costing method, and conducts effective strategies in the enterprise level by DBR (Drum, Buffer and Lope) concept [2]. The management of physical flow of products amongst the nodes of the supply chain comes under the intensive study of effective operation in SCM. Since supply chains consist of several layers of business units, resource allocation is a quite important operational criterion at workshop level in SCM. As the number of potential business units in the supply chain increases, an effective management on product distribution (i.e., multi-echelon optimisation) plays a more important role in dynamic environment. Current SCM concept does not deal with the problem, because TOC does not handle combinatorial optimisation problem in the resource allocation. Recently the use of multi-agent system in large-sized complex system is increasing [3]. The multi-agent paradigm has several characteristics, such as autonomy, pro-activeness, social ability, and emergence. In this paradigm, a global goal of the whole system is achieved as the aggregation of their local objectives with their negotiation. In supply chain networks, each business unit behaves independently and autonomously with simple goals of achieving local optimum. The situation is quite similar to the distributed decision making mechanism in multi-agent paradigm, and it is natural to model supply chain networks through multi-agent programming. In such an environment, each agent represents the independent business unit with conflicting and competing individual requirements, and may possess localised information relevant to their utilities. To recognise this independence, we treat the business units as agents, allowing each of them to decide autonomously how to deploy resources under their control in service of their interests. Within this model, a distributed SCM can be analysed according to the following properties: –Self-interest agents can make effective decisions with local information, without knowing the private information and strategies of other agents. –The method requires minimal communication overhead. –Solutions do not waste resources. If there is some way to make some agent better off without harming others, it should be done. A solution that cannot be improved in this way is called Pareto optimal. Market-oriented programming is a multi-agent-based concept to facilitate distributed problem solving. In the market-oriented programming, we take the metaphor of an economy computing multi-agent behaviour literally, and directly implement the distributed computation as a market price system. In the market-oriented programming approach to distributed problem solving, the resource allocation for a set of computational agents is derived by computing competitive market of an artificial economy [4], [5] and [6]. In this paper, we formulate supply chain model as a discrete resource allocation problem with supply/demand agents, and demonstrate the applicability of economic analysis to this framework by simulation experiments. Finally, we prove that the market mechanism can provide several advantages on resource allocation in SCM. Needless to say, the term ‘resource allocation’ in this paper corresponds to ‘product distribution’ at workshop level in practical SCM.

نتیجه گیری انگلیسی

In this paper we proposed a SCM with market economics. We formulated SCM as a distributed resource allocation system, based on general equilibrium theory and competitive mechanism. The approach works by deriving the competitive equilibrium corresponding to a particular configuration of agents and markets. After defining production functions, we introduced budget constraint for practical use and a newly proposed Profit Maximise Theorem as an agent strategy. It has been confirmed by simulation experiments that the careful constructions of the decision process according to economic principles can lead to efficient resource allocations in SCM, and the behaviour of the system can be analysed in economic terms. The contribution of the paper lies in the idea of SCM based on market-oriented programming, an algorithm for distributed computation of competitive equilibria of computational economics, and an initial illustration of the approach on a simple supply chain model. Effective SCM in global environment is expected by this research.