دانلود مقاله ISI انگلیسی شماره 37223
ترجمه فارسی عنوان مقاله

طبیعت نیاز به تعذیه دارد: تعامل هورمونی و تأثیرات اجتماعی بر توسعه تفاوت های جنسی رفتاری در میمون های رزوس

عنوان انگلیسی
Nature Needs Nurture: The Interaction of Hormonal and Social Influences on the Development of Behavioral Sex Differences in Rhesus Monkeys
کد مقاله سال انتشار تعداد صفحات مقاله انگلیسی
37223 1996 15 صفحه PDF
منبع

Publisher : Elsevier - Science Direct (الزویر - ساینس دایرکت)

Journal : Hormones and Behavior, Volume 30, Issue 4, December 1996, Pages 364–378

ترجمه کلمات کلیدی
تعامل هورمونی - تأثیرات اجتماعی - تفاوت های جنسی رفتاری - میمون های رزوس -
کلمات کلیدی انگلیسی
Interaction of Hormonal .Social Influences . Behavioral Sex Differences .Rhesus Monkeys.
پیش نمایش مقاله
پیش نمایش مقاله  طبیعت نیاز به تعذیه دارد: تعامل هورمونی و تأثیرات اجتماعی بر توسعه تفاوت های جنسی رفتاری در میمون های رزوس

چکیده انگلیسی

Thirty years of research on early social and hormonal environments and their relationship to the expression of behavioral sex differences in rhesus monkeys are reviewed. These studies demonstrate that whether aggressive and submissive behaviors are sexually dimorphic depends primarily on the social and not the hormonal environment. Early rearing environments without mothers or allowing brief periods of peer interaction produced higher levels of male aggression and female submission. Presenting behavior was expressed more by females than males in environments with high male aggressivity and female submissiveness. No sex differences in presenting occurred in low aggressivity environments, unless monkeys were reared isosexually, when males presented more than females. Rough and tumble play and foot-clasp mounting were consistently exhibited more by males than females across all rearing environments studied, but rearing environment affected the degree of the sex difference. When reared isosexually males displayed less, and females more, foot-clasp mounting than when heterosexually reared. No social environment increased the low frequency of female rough and tumble play. Suppressing neonatal androgen in males did not effect any sexually dimorphic behavior. Prenatal androgen administration to genetic females masculinized many aspects of their juvenile behavior, consistently increasing rough and tumble play and foot-clasp mounting across different social environments. Thus the sexually dimorphic behaviors which showed the smallest variability across social contexts were the most profoundly affected by the prenatal hormonal environment. These studies demonstrate that the expression of consistent juvenile behavioral sex differences results from hormonally induced predispositions to engage in specific patterns of juvenile behavior whose expression is shaped by the specific social environment experienced by the developing monkey.