مدل استدلال فرآیند کسب و کار: از جریان کاری به مدیریت پرونده

Existing limitations and problems in the current life-cycle of software applications is expected to encourage new development paradigms. New technological trends, aimed at responding to current needs, such as flexibility, dynamics, scalability and creativity will drive the envisaged changes. This article describes the various types of business processes, ranging from structured workflows to semi-structured flexible business processes, and methods to model each type of business process. Development of business process models based on the knowledge economy, changing corporate strategy and organization design, and agile enterprise paradigm requires BPMS technology to support weakly structured business activities and emerging ad-hoc tasks. Increasingly, organizations are expanding the use of BPM beyond their initial focus on structured processes into more challenging, cross-boundary processes that include more unstructured components. Case management technology allows the modeling of cases in which a business goal is achieved by taking decisions in the context of documents and other content objects. Case management is considered dynamic because it focuses on unstructured and ad- hoc processes. It is likewise a continuing process that involves people, information, processes, and technical tools. Furthermore, it is adaptive and adaptable because it can be used by non-technical users and is versatile in its applications in different situations. With the use of case management, circuitous business processes, fragmented communication, repetitive operations, missing documents, and long approval times can be permanently abolished.

The term “business process” has multiple meanings and definitions. Presumably, it was originally used in the Structured Analysis and Design Technique (SADT) in the 1970s, which included functional system modeling. The SADT procedure was applied under the name IDEF (Integrated Definition Modeling Methodology) by thousands of specialists in different organizations. Derivative models such as IDEF0, IDEF3, and IDEF5 are still widespread. For instance, IDEF3 is extensively used in all modern languages of business process modeling, including UML, BPML, EPC, etc. In the 1990s companies were encouraged to think in terms of processes instead of functions and procedures. A process is a set of tasks or activities to be undertaken which:

A current challenge is to create methodologies for seamless BPMS implementation to enable rapid changes and to support weakly structured processes (knowledge intensive business processes). In a dynamic business environment, many processes evolve during process execution as employees are faced with new situations that require solving. While the main objective of BPM and workflow is to automate routine tasks and procedures, case management aims to support human beings in performing creative, knowledge-intensive work and provide flexible executable business processes (workflow). This allows workers to respond to unpredictable exceptions and effectively support knowledge-based work. This paper provided an overview of the evolution of various BPM approaches from viewing a business process as merely a sequential process to the case supported business process. The dynamic nature of business processes has invited a new focus on knowledge management and agile enterprises that cannot be supported by currently available workflow management theory and applications. Dynamic case management allows organizations to support all categories of work (structured, semi-structured, or collaborative/unstructured) and all types of workers (transactional, knowledge-assisted, knowledge workers), and helps organizations expand beyond the traditional boundaries of their organizational silos.