دانلود مقاله ISI انگلیسی شماره 120465
ترجمه فارسی عنوان مقاله

تعطیلی یک محاکمه: شواهدی برای یادگیری سریع ترس خاص در انسان است

عنوان انگلیسی
One-trial overshadowing: Evidence for fast specific fear learning in humans
کد مقاله سال انتشار تعداد صفحات مقاله انگلیسی
120465 2017 9 صفحه PDF
منبع

Publisher : Elsevier - Science Direct (الزویر - ساینس دایرکت)

Journal : Behaviour Research and Therapy, Volume 90, March 2017, Pages 16-24

ترجمه کلمات کلیدی
اختلالات اضطرابی، غرق شدن تهدید ترس، تعمیم، اضطراب دولت، اضطراب ریشه،
کلمات کلیدی انگلیسی
Anxiety disorders; Overshadowing; Fear conditioning; Generalization; State anxiety; Trait anxiety;
پیش نمایش مقاله
پیش نمایش مقاله  تعطیلی یک محاکمه: شواهدی برای یادگیری سریع ترس خاص در انسان است

چکیده انگلیسی

Adaptive defensive actions necessitate a fear learning system that is both fast and specific. Fast learning serves to minimize the number of threat confrontations, while specific learning ensures that the acquired fears are tied to threat-relevant cues only. In Pavlovian fear conditioning, fear acquisition is typically studied via repetitive pairings of a single cue with an aversive experience, which is not optimal for the examination of fast specific fear learning. In this study, we adopted the one-trial overshadowing procedure from basic learning research, in which a combination of two visual cues is presented once and paired with an aversive electrical stimulation. Using on-line shock expectancy ratings, skin conductance reactivity and startle reflex modulation as indices of fear learning, we found evidence of strong fear after a single conditioning trial (fast learning) as well as attenuated fear responding when only half of the trained stimulus combination was presented (specific learning). Moreover, specificity of fear responding tended to correlate with levels of state and trait anxiety. These results suggest that one-trial overshadowing can be used as a model to study fast specific fear learning in humans and individual differences therein.