بررسی برنامه های کاربردی تئوری بازی ها در شبکه های بی سیم

While the Quality of Service (QoS) offered to users may be enhanced through innovative protocols and new technologies, future trends should take into account the efficiency of resource allocation and network/terminal cooperation as well. Game theory techniques have widely been applied to various engineering design problems in which the action of one component has impact on (and perhaps conflicts with) that of any other component. Therefore, game formulations are used, and a stable solution for the players is obtained through the concept of equilibrium. This survey collects applications of game theory in wireless networking and presents them in a layered perspective, emphasizing on which fields game theory could be effectively applied. To this end, several games are modeled and their key features are exposed.

Game theory is a discipline aiming to model situations in which decision makers have to make specific actions that have mutual – possibly conflicting – consequences [1]. It has been used primarily in economics, in order to model competition between companies. In the context of wireless networks, game theory may be used as a tool for forming cooperation schemes among entities such as nodes, terminals or network providers. During the last years, game theory has also been applied to networking, in most cases to solve routing and resource allocation problems in a competitive environment. Recently, its application was introduced in wireless communications: the decision makers in the game are rational users or networks operators who control their communication devices. These devices have to cope with a limited transmission resource (i.e., the radio spectrum) that imposes a conflict of interests [2]. In this article we describe how game-theoretic frameworks can be set up to address several issues in wireless networks and survey recent advances in this area, highlighting applicability to problems such as power control, spectrum allocation call admission control, medium access control and routing, among others. Emphasis is placed on which type of game is most appropriate for each case, as well as on which element should be considered in the development of utility functions; to this end several examples of such functions are exposed.

In this survey the authors have attempted to demonstrate how game theory can be applied to wireless networking. Following a layered perspective, it has been explained how to capture wireless networking problems in game-theoretic formulations, emphasizing on which game type best suits each application field and on how the corresponding utility function may be constructed. The purpose of this survey was to guide the interested readers familiar with computer science through the basics of both non-cooperative and cooperative game theory and to help them integrate this fascinating tool into their own studies.