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Packet loss cannot be avoided in wireless network due to wireless transmission medium particularity, therefore improving retransmission efficiency is meaningful to wireless transmission. The current retransmission packet selection mechanisms based on opportunistic network coding (ONC) face low retransmission efficiency and high computational complexity problems. To these problems, an optimized encoding packet selection mechanism based on ONC in wireless network retransmission (OONCR) is proposed. This mechanism is based on mutual exclusion packets and decoding gain concepts, and makes full use of ONC advantages. The main contributions of this scheme are to control the algorithm complexity of the maximum encoding packets selection effectively, avoid the redundancy encoding packets due to the overlapping among encoding packets, and take the encoding packet local and global optimization problem into consideration. Retransmission efficiency is evaluated according to the computational complexity, the throughput, the retransmission redundancy ratio, and the number of average retransmission. Under the various conditions, the number of average retransmission of OONCR is mainly lower than that of other typical retransmission packet selection schemes. The average retransmission redundancy ratios of OONCR are lower about 5%∼40% compared with other typical schemes. Simultaneously the computational complexity of OONCR is comparatively lower than that of other typical schemes.