تجارت الکترونیکی از دیدگاه اسلام

Whilst E-Commerce is spreading world-wide, many Muslims are wondering whether this new form of commerce is acceptable from the Syariah (Islamic Law) point of view. Thus, this research paper is meant to study the Islamic perspectives in e-commerce, particularly in its transaction, as well as the rights of the producers and customers. Issues on the legality of E-Commerce in Islam are examined to expose to Muslims around the world so that they could benefit from this new technology if it is proved legal and acceptable in Islam. Regarding transactions, the issues of payment through credit card will be studied to clear the Muslims doubt on the Islamic prospect of E-Commerce. Moreover, the paper discussed about E-Commerce and Transaction, Business in Islam, E-Commerce in Islamic Perspective which will cover the legality of E-Commerce, Islamic Business Ethics in E-Commerce, Legitimacy of E-Commerce Contract, Types of Contract in Islam, The Validity of E-Commerce From Islamic View, and Payment for E-Commerce Transaction, Characteristics of Producers, Rights of Producer, and Rights of Consumer. This research paper concludes the above mentioned area with the support mainly from the Holy Book (The Quran) and the practices of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him).

In the last two decades, the information technology has been reshaping how the world communicated and received information. Evidence of the eagerness on the part of some Muslims to embrace such technology, has been the proliferation of Islamic sites on the Internet, some of which are devoted to Islamic education and propagation, while others being of a more commercial or entertainment nature [9]. Before going any further, what is the relationship between IT and Islam? The Quran is a book of guidance, which contained general principles applicable to all times and places. The Quran contained principles and guidance pertaining to all spheres of lives, including the domain of IT (by analogy). Implicitly, there is a direct link between IT and the acquisition of knowledge. The importance of seeking both the divine and worldly knowledge in Islam is stressed since the first revelation. As stated in the Quran: “Read in the name of your Lord and Cherisher, Who created- Created man out of a clot of congealed blood” (96:1–2). Accordingly, IT is one of the knowledge that must be explored by Muslims and utilized its potential for good purposes. The development of IT has brought the most essential revolution to our lives, which is the transition to an Internet–based society. One of the major areas that is significantly affected is the way people conducted transaction, business and commerce in this new and competitive environment [7]. The global availability of the Internet for the exchange of transactions between buyers and sellers has fueled the growth of what is known as Electronic Commerce. Electronic Commerce, or e-commerce, is the process of buying and selling goods and services electronically with computerized business transactions using the Internet, networks and other digital technologies [4]. Even though e-commerce is spreading worldwide, many Muslims still did not know about the status of their transactions according to the Islamic perspective and Islamic business ethics. Therefore, this research paper is meant to study the Islamic perspectives in e-commerce, particularly in its transaction, as well as the rights of the producers and customers. Issues on the legality of E-Commerce in Islam are examined to expose to Muslims around the world so that they could benefit from this new technology if it is proved legal and acceptable in Islam. Regarding transactions, the issues of payment through credit card will be studied to clear the Muslims doubt on the Islamic prospect of E-Commerce. In Section 2, the paper discussed about E-Commerce and Transaction, in Section 3 covered on Business in Islam, Section 4 is E-Commerce in Islamic Perspective which will cover the legality of E-Commerce, Islamic Business Ethics in E-Commerce, Legitimacy of E-Commerce Contract, Types of Contract in Islam, The Validity of E-Commerce From Islamic View, and Payment for E-Commerce Transaction, Section 5 discussed on Characteristics of Producers, and Section 6 covered Rights of Producer, while Section 7 covered Rights of Consumer, Section 8 is the conclusion of the whole paper, followed by references, and Appendix A, Appendix B and Appendix C.

E-Commerce is a new fundamental business paradigm that went against the traditional business paradigm. It emerged from the convergence of several major information technologies and business practices. The ability of E-Commerce to reduce the transaction cost that is inherent in the traditional way of doing business is one of the determinant factors that cause e-commerce to evaporate in its success continuously. On the other hand, issues such as the legality of E-Commerce, the legitimacy of the contract and its transaction have become the major concerns of many Muslims. Islam encourages E-Commerce as a new way or technology of doing business. However, Muslim businessmen must ensure that he strictly followed the Islamic principles of conducting business. The transactions should be conducted in the truthful manner, there should be clarity in communication, avoid interest (Riba') and ensured all the pillars of Islamic contract are met. Islam also gave equal rights to the producers of the products and consumers to exercise their rights when it is needed. Regardless of the mode of conducting business, every Muslim must be faithful and God-fearing in conducting business. He must ensure he is in lined with the Quran and Sunnah and most importantly is his intention should be for the sake of Allah, not merely for the worldly gained.