عوامل مشخصه حالات تعارضات زناشویی و ویژگی ها:کمک های فیزیولوژیک، عاطفی، متغیر رفتاری و عصبی برای تعارضات زناشویی و رضایت

Thirty-two married couples participated in conjoint-conflict-solving interactions while being videotaped and physiologically monitored. Intercorrelations between 13 variables (3 self-report, 6 observational and 4 physiological) produced six factors: Dominance, Neuroticism\Negative Affect, Affiliation\Positive Affect, Attentiveness, Physiological Arousal and Physiological Influence. Neuroticism\Negative Affect was inversely related to marital satisfaction. The Physiological Arousal factor was ‘U’-shaped in its association with marital satisfaction (i.e. subjects with higher marital satisfaction exhibited synchrony in the activation of electrodermal and heart rate systems, whereas asynchrony [high activation in one system and low activation in the other] was more common in dissatisfied couples). These findings demonstrate the utility of combining personality, behavioral and physiological measures in characterizing and predicting marital satisfaction and conflict-related communication patterns.

Numerous inter- and intra-personal mechanisms have been implicated in the development of marital satisfaction (MS) vs dissatisfaction, including overt communication behaviors, affect, physiology and personality ( Berscheid et al., 1984; Bradbury and Fincham, 1987; Eysenck and Wakefield, 1981; Gottman, 1994; Jacobson, 1985). Dissatisfied spouses exhibit fewer positive behaviors, more negative behaviors and reciprocate negative behaviors more readily than non-distressed spouses (Gottman, 1979; Jacobson et al., 1980; Markman 1979 and Markman 1981). Affective measures are also good predictors of future marital satisfaction (MS) (Gottman, 1994; Markman, 1981). However, few studies have used a combination of these predictor measures. It has been frequently recommended that self-report, observational and physiological methods be jointly employed (the triple response approach) when assessing affect and other higher-order intra- and interpersonal constructs (Lang, 1971). In addition to correcting for method and error variance (Campbell and Fiske, 1959), an advantage of a triple-response approach is the convergence and divergence of information across the three domains. Despite these advantages, few marital studies have used triple-response methods.