ظاهر فیزیکی ادارک شده و رضایت از زندگی: مدل میانجیگری تعدیل شده عزت نفس و تجربه زندگی ناشنوا و نوجوانان با سمعک

In this study, we investigated the relationship between perceived physical appearance and life satisfaction, and the role of self-esteem as mediator and life experience as moderator of the relationship in deaf and hearing adolescents. 118 Chinese deaf adolescents (55.1% male; mean age = 15.12 years, standard deviation [SD] = 2.13) from 5 special education schools and 132 Chinese hearing adolescents (53.8% male; mean age = 13.11 years, SD = .85) completed anonymous questionnaires regarding perceived physical appearance, self-esteem, and life satisfaction. Perceived physical appearance, self-esteem, and life satisfaction were significantly and positively associated with each other. Moreover, self-esteem partially mediated the relationship between perceived physical appearance and life satisfaction; however, this indirect link was weaker for deaf adolescents than it was for hearing adolescents. Implications of the findings and future research directions are discussed, as are potential interventions that can be applied to increase subjective well-being in deaf adolescents.

Life satisfaction is a subjective evaluation of the overall quality of life. Negative life satisfaction has been associated with emotional disturbance (e.g., Griffin & Huebner, 2000), eating disorders (e.g., Halvorsen & Heyerdahl, 2006) and suicide (e.g., Valois, Zullig, Huebner, & Drane, 2004). Recently, interest in investigating this construct among children and adolescents has increased because of the disparity in mental health and educational outcomes associated with varying degrees of life satisfaction. However, most studies have evaluated general samples of students, overlooking how young people with disabilities perceive the quality of their lives. Researchers investigating life satisfaction are generally concerned with how and why people experience their lives in positive ways. However, little has been determined regarding the effects such as perceived physical appearance and self-esteem exert on life satisfaction in deaf adolescents, or how the effect differs between deaf and hearing adolescents. Thus, the present study examined the interrelationship between perceived physical appearance, self-esteem, and global life satisfaction among deaf and hearing adolescents. That is, according to a proposal by Sheridan (2001), we focused on the possible moderating effect life experience of deaf and hearing adolescents exerts on the relationship.