مدل جریان توان راکتیو بهینه بر مبنای PCPDIPM با متغیرهای گسسته

In the PCPDIPM based ORPF solution, the quadratic discretization formulation results in the constant Hessians that all have elements of 1, or −1, or the penalty factor, and mostly being zero, thereby accelerating the entire optimal process significantly. Experimental results are provided comparing the performance of the proposed discretization approach with that of the conventional one.