پیچیدگی وظایف استدلال قیاسی هندسی: کمک به درک هوش سیال

Studies of the complexity of geometric inductive matrix items used to measure fluid intelligence (Gf) indicate that such complexity may be related to (a) an increase in the number of figures, (b) an increase in the number of rules relating these figures, (c) the complexity of these rules, and (d) the perceptual complexity of the stimulus. One limitation of these studies is that complex items present all of these characteristics simultaneously. Thus, no information regarding their relative importance is available, nor is it clear whether all these factors have a significant effect on complexity. In the present study, two matrix tests were created by orthogonally manipulating these four sources of complexity, and the results show that perceptual organization has the strongest effect, followed by the increase in the amount of information (figures and rules). These results suggest that Gf is most strongly associated with that part of the central executive component of working memory that is related to the controlled attention processing and selective encoding.