پرسشنامه انگیزه های قمار واقعا سه بعدی است؟ یک پیشنهاد یک پرسشنامه انگیزشی قمار چهار بعدی؟ تجدید نظر شده

The aim of the present study was to improve the weaknesses of the three-dimensional Gambling Motives Questionnaire and to examine the psychometric properties and factor structure of the Gambling Motives Questionnaire-Revised. The Gambling Motives Questionnaire was administered to a sample of 418 gamblers (92% men, mean age 19.5 years). Participants completed the Gambling Motives Questionnaire and an additional item tapping boredom, as well as a variety of measures of gambling behavior and gambling problems as criterion measures. Results showed that the Gambling Motives Questionnaire-Revised is better represented as a four-factor structure tapping the following four gambling motives factors; enhancement, coping, social, and self-gratification, Δχ2 Δ(df) = 24.76 (3), p < 0.001. Removing two problematic items from the Gambling Motives Questionnaire and adding an extra item tapping boredom also improved the fit of the Gambling Motives Questionnaire-Revised. The subscales enhancement, social, and coping were all significant predictors of variety of gambling behaviors (p < 0.05), whereas enhancement, coping, and self-gratification predicted frequency of gambling behaviors (p < 0.01). Coping and self-gratification predicted loss of control (p < 0.01), whereas self-gratification predicted gambling problems (p < 0.001). The Gambling Motives Questionnaire – Revised, consisting of the four dimensions enhancement motives, social motives, coping motives and self-gratification motives, is a reliable and valid instrument to measuring gambling motives.