برنامه ریزی انتقال ـ توسعه بر اساس الگوریتم برنامه ریزی فوری خطی

In this formulation, the objective function and operating constraints include the corona power-loss term. The objective function consists of three terms: cost of investment of new transmission lines, ohmic power loss of new and existing lines, and corona-power loss of new lines. This combination of terms results in a non-linear objective function. The non-linear programming or the non-convex optimization technique is used to solve such large-scale practical problem. The new formulation has been applied to the 28-bus Jordanian high-voltage transmission network in order to test and justify its applicability.

Transmission-expansion planning (TEP) is a mathematical optimization challenge. The complication arises from the large number of variables involved in the expansion process. To the authors’ knowledge, all TEP approaches reported in the literature formulated their objective functions and the corresponding constraints to account for the cost of investment and/or the cost of ohmic-power loss. The linear programming (LP) technique has been adopted by many investigators [1], [2] and [3]. In this case, the objective function is linear, i.e., the ohmic-power loss is neglected and the constraints are also linear. Other investigators adopted the integer (IP) or mixed integer programming technique [4] and [5]. Their work neglected the ohmic-power loss. In both cases, the objective function is linear, while some or all of the decision values are given integer numbers. The quadratic programming (QP) technique has been utilized in Refs. [6], [7] and [8], where the exact ohmic-power loss is considered in the expansion process. Zero-one implicit enumeration programming is another mathematical programming approach that has received the attention of investigators [9]. The objective function is linear and the constraint of adding an integer number of lines is converted zeros and ones. Non-linear programming (NLP) is one of the old mathematical programming tools used for solving the TEP problem. An approach for creating a cooperative expert system for planning, where the expert system performs some tasks from the planner and, at the same time, the planner can interfere in the planning process is presented in Refs. [10], [11] and [12]. The simulated annealing (SA) method has been successfully applied to large-scale TEP problems [13]. The SA tries to avoid local optima by allowing temporary, limited deteriorations of actual solutions. In a recent paper [14], a parallel SA method was adopted for the same TEP problem. The genetic algorithm (GA) method is another type of newly-adopted optimization approach for the solution of the TEP problem [15] and [16]. A combination of the GA and neural networks (NN) has also been applied for the TEP problem [17]. Very recently, the Tabu search (TS) algorithm has been applied to the TEP problem [18] and [19]. This paper introduces a new formulation of the TEP problem in which the corona power-loss has been added to the objective function. This objective function is minimized using the non-linear programming algorithm, subject to the system constraints. To avoid the problem of initial value selection of the unknown power flow variables, the unconstrained DC load-flow values are used as an initial guess. Expansions including and excluding the corona term, have been made. Comparison between the total cost in both cases is reported.

A new formulation of the transmission expansion planning (TEP) problem is presented in this paper. In this formulation, the objective function and operating constraints include the corona-power loss term. The objective function consists of three terms: cost of investment of new transmission lines, ohmic-power loss of new and existing lines and corona-power loss of new lines. The non-linear programming or the non-convex optimization technique is used to solve such a large-scale practical problem. The new formulation has been applied to the 28-bus Jordanian high-voltage transmission network in order to test and justify the applicability of this new formulation. Comparison with the expansion made by JEA has been made. Including the corona-power loss term leads to a more economical expanded network, i.e., the total cost of the investment, ohmic-power loss and corona-power loss is less for a certain range of electricity tariffs.