مهندسی مجدد معنایی فرآیندهای کسب و کار

This paper discusses transforming ontological models into non-ontological models of business processes, when the process of articulating different data models is known as reengineering domains. As a crucial factor in achieving interoperability and semantic reengineering of the domains with the different levels of semantic representation (expressiveness), we point out the role of foundational ontology that serves to enable global meaning of the process knowledge and that is, in this paper, additionally connected with the process theory (process algebra). The main focus of the process theory is on the system that interacts with one another, such as the business processes, whereas the main idea of semantic reengineering is transforming ontological models into the semantic business processes that can be (semi-)automatically executed via a workflow engine. Therefore, as a promising solution in achieving interoperability between the real enterprise needs and the business process models, we involve the Pi-Calculus as a process theory to provide semantics between the ontological models based on the DOLCE Description and Situation (D&S) Plan and Tasks Ontology (DDPO) and the business process models that are expressed in Business Process Execution Language (BPEL).

The future business process domains will be certainly grounded in ontological knowledge with the ability to reuse existing knowledge, articulate the new business processes based on them and provide ontological explication of activities, steps and procedures involved in creating software solutions for the business processes. In this paper, we use the DOLCE Description and Situation (D&S) Plan and Tasks Ontology (DDPO) model as a semantic data model to help us get a good understanding of the task and plan models and provide implicit rules for concepts that explain behaviour as well as structure of both executable and abstract business processes. In other words, we use the main DDPO ontological concepts such as non-physical, social, non-agentive[1] for representing the process knowledge. Nowadays, for the sake of combining the ontological resources with the non-ontological resources such as business processes, new tools and methods to support process knowledge creation are needed. Hence, we propose semantic reengineering of the ontological knowledge domains to semantically support (semi-)automatic creation of business processes via process knowledge that is additionally expressed in the form of Pi-Calculus. Our approach also builds on related work in this area connecting ontologies and business processes, such as [2] that describes an ontology for executable business processes using the formalism of the Web Service Modelling Language (WSML); [3] that proposes a set of ontologies and formalisms, and defines the scope of these ontologies by giving competency questions that is a common approach in the ontology engineering; [4] that explores the behavioural aspects of Web services and proposes using Description Logics (DL) for their formalization. As the main motivation of this paper, we address the problem of exchanging the information between the semantic data models (based on the DDPO and expressed in Web Ontology Language (OWL)) and the real business models (expressed in Business Process Execution Language (BPEL)). The business processes from the domain of mechatronic engineering are chosen to explicate the main challenges in semantic reengineering of business processes

This paper discusses the use of the MDA and MOF approaches as the mechanisms for semantic reengineering of the ontological knowledge domains in order to support (semi-)automatic business process execution. Additionally, the paper represents the process knowledge expressed in the form of a Pi-Calculus process theory that serves as a formalism to provide semantics between the different levels of semantic expressiveness of ontological data models and non-ontological business process models. Recently, the Pi-Calculus and its variants like Spi-Calculus, Ambient calculus, etc., have found practical applications in a wide number of domains: from cryptographic protocols like ProVerif [18], Cryptyc,1 to the theoretical basis of the BPML and XLANG [19], molecular biology [20], LOTOS [21] and many more. A particular interest of the Pi-Calculus is taken in getting a formal foundation to the model and reasoning about the different collaboration techniques such as orchestration and choreography of the business processes. The interesting cases of using the Pi-Calculus are those that meet requirements for the design of self-adaptive and self-organizing systems that consider implementation of probabilistic algorithms to enable a random choice, as well as asynchronous manifestation of processes that occur randomly in dynamic and distributed architectures. Therefore, we have found the Pi-Calculus process algebra to be the most convenient formalism to express the real nature of the business processes taking place in the Semantic Web environment. At the same time, we have involved the DDPO theoretical model to provide semantically meaningful usage of knowledge that describes the tasks, as well as the descriptions and situations in which the business processes can be applied.