ارزیابی ریسک سقوط از ارتفاع بر اساس روش فازی AHP

In all the construction safety accidents, the high falling accident is the most serious construction accident of five big hurts which are threatening building workers. Risk assessment is the important means how to prevent and control falling from height accident. Based on “human - machine - environment - Management” complex system, the risk assessment index system about 4 major categories and 23 sub-categories include the quality of factors of production personnel and the production equipment factors and the environmental conditions factors and the safety management factors was established. The AHP-Fuzzy evaluation model of risk assessment of falling from height and weight sets were established based on AHP and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The risk assessment example was given and the results were conformed to reality.

At present, the construction industry has become our country all the industrial sector of the most dangerous after mining industry [1]. Moreover, falling from height accident caused casualties and economic loss is the biggest in building production safety accident. Because of high incidence, its danger is the head of in construction industry "five hurts" accidents list [2]. According to Architectural Production Safety Accidents in the First Half of Presentations in 2010 published by Ministry of Construction of Housing and Urban-Rural, in 2010 , falling from height accident of China's total 103 up, accounting for building safety accidents of the total number of 48.13% [3]. For example, an accident had happened in coastal garden’s 24-27 building project in March 26, 2010, Foshan, Guangdong, and led to two deaths. In the same year on May 9, an accident had happened because of the hospital, different newly-built project in HuanRen county, Liaoning province, and four persons were killed.

Falling from height accident prevention and control is an important problem that should be solved in construction, risk assessment is the important means how to prevent and control it. Its purpose is to improve the working at height essence safety degree and the level of safety management, prevent and control of accidents. This paper establish the risk of falling from height Fuzzy-AHP comprehensive evaluation index system, acquires the following conclusion combining evaluation example verification. (1) Based on system safety engineering theory, influence factors of falling from height are analyzed detailed, and the evaluation index system is put forward. (2) The structure and weights of target strata, criterion layer and index layer are determined by application of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model of AHP. (3) Evaluation example result accord with the actual situation, it is shown that the AHP-Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and the evaluation index system are reliable and practical.