تأثیرات منفی در ارتباط با نوسانات سطح هورمون در طول دوره قاعدگی هیچ ارتباطی ندارد. شواهد حاصل از یک مطالعه مشاهدات چند ساله در دو دوره متوالی

This is the first multisite longitudinal study on the association between negative affect and sex hormone levels encompassing two consecutive menstrual cycles. Negative affect did not fluctuate across the cycle and there was no direct and uniform association between sex hormones and self-reported negative affect. These findings suggest that moderators such as personality traits and epigenetics should be considered in future research.