یک کارخانه آب شیرین کن اسمز معکوس فتوولتائیک محور کوچک در جزایر قناری

A reverse osmosis (RO) plant with an average daily drinking water production of 0.8–3 m3/d was installed by the Aachen University of Applied Sciences and the Energy and Water Research Centre of the Canary Islands Technological Institute (CIEA-ITC) at the test fields of the Spanish institute in Pozo Izquierdo (Gran Canaria Island). The plant is supplied by a stand-alone 4.8 kWp photovoltaic (PV) system with an additional battery storage of 60 kWh. The installation constitutes the smallest PV-supplied seawater desalination plant currently in operation. On behalf of this prototype, the feasibility of small PV—RO systems (1–5 m3/d) is being investigated. The technical details of the RO plant and the energy supply are presented briefly and the operation strategies of the system are presented. Three different regulation strategies for the energy management of the plant are compared and recommendations for an optimized operation are given.

Reverse osmosis (RO) supplied by photovoltaic (PV-RO) is a promising solution for small-scale desalination. Mohsen and A1- Jayyousi [1] investigated the feasibility of different desalination technologies to cover the increasing water demand in Jordan. They carried out an AHP multi-criteria analysis considering *Corresponding author. economic, technical and environmental criteria, and compared the five most important desalination technologies

RO plants for the desalination of brackish water and seawater are becoming more and more important to cover the increasing drinking water demand in semi-add regions in the Near East, north-western Africa and on small islands. The feasibility of these plants supplied by their own power stations or the electric grid is indisputable. Within this paper, three different operation strategies for a better adaptation of RO plants to a renewable energy supply have been presented. Further modifications of the operation scheme are currently being worked out in order to optimize plant operation: Additionally, experiments for the operation of the plant at varying feed pressures following the actual irradiation will be realized. With this, a more direct use of the renewable energy will be realized and the costs for a battery storage could be reduced. To lower the investment costs for renewable energy, RO plant energy recovery systems seem to be very interesting. At the moment energy recovery systems as the pressure-exchange system (PES) and pelton turbines are only in use for larger RO seawater desalination plants with capacities of more than 5000 m3/d. These energy recovery systems are working with high efficiencies of up to 98% and could lower the energy consumption of the high pressure pumps [6]. Cheap energy recovery systems could be useful to reduce the specific energy consumption of small PV-RO plants. Additionally, the heating of the feed water up to 45°C would increase the drinking water production about 50% of the actual rate. These possibilities will be investigated in a following phase of the project.