مدل پذیرش تکنولوژی شناسایی فرکانس رادیویی : شرکت های خدمات لجستیک

Globalization and advances in information technology represent both realities and opportunities for enterprises in the 21st century. This paper aims to broaden understanding of service innovation as a critical organizational capability through which the adoption of information technology influences firm performance. This study examines how the adoption of radio frequency identification (RFID) technology influences the operational performance of logistics service firms. We develop the RFID adoption model based on the interorganizational information systems (IOS) view of the firm that integrates the various strands of research into the framework. The study draws from the related information technology and interorganizational information systems literatures to explore organizational factors associated with the adoption of RFID. A model of the associations between information technology and interorganizational information systems use, social support, power structure, organizational readiness, procedural flexibility, and top management support is developed, and hypotheses are advanced about the relationships among these constructs. An empirical survey was conducted among 500 logistics service firms in Taiwan. A total of 131 valid observations were analyzed using the partial least squares technique. Results showed that RFID adoption has positive effects on business practices, which in turn improves operational performance. We address the value of certain interactive firm behaviors in RFID adoption and identify related constructs of RFID adoption in terms of their efficiency and value for logistics service firms. These results have implications for both education and practice.

It is very important that logistics firms be able to compete in the delivery service market (Dutta et al., 2007). Logistic management is one of the key success factors of a supply chain system. Reducing costs, and improving efficiency and service quality in a competitive business environment are the main concerns of many logistics service providers. Many logistics companies have invested extensively in information and logistics technologies. Logistics companies could increase their performance by employing RFID (radio frequency identification). RFID is the latest technology being used to gain and sustain such a competitive advantage. Similar to a bar code, RFID is an automated identification and data collection technology that uses radio frequency waves to transfer data between a reader and items to which RFID devices have been affixed (Ranky, 2006). The benefits of RFID are that it accurately recognizes each item; tracks items as they move through the supply chain; shares information with business partners; and allows for collaboration in terms of inventory management, planning, forecasting, and replenishment (Subramani, 2004 and Vijayaraman and Barbara, 2006). Moreover, firms use RFID results in reduced labor costs, simplified business processes, and more accurate inventory management, especially for distributors in the logistics industry (Kim et al., 2008). However, Organizations that have failed RFID implementations have been plastered all over the press because of lack of technology, deficient IT knowledge, budgetary constraints, unqualified business partners and misunderstanding of the overall effectiveness of the technology and how it relates to its business. Therefore, to understand RFID technology, organizations must grasp the concepts of operation and the components of the system. Service innovations can enhance supply chain performance and increase customer value. The RFID system is a critical innovation technology for improving logistics service firms’ service performance. Logistics service firms should pay attention to adopt more efficient logistics technologies to provide better services for their customers. In our study we examine the view of interorganizational information systems (IOS) connecting the logistic firms with inter- and intra organizational factors. We provide a conceptual model for adopting RFID technology in the logistics industry. We will investigate the influences of adopting new technologies on supply chain performance and which key organizational factors can affect RFID adoption in supply chains. Finally, we propose several distinct avenues for future applied research in this area.

Adopting IT to gain a competitive edge is a core strategy in today's logistics service industry. IT adoption plays a fundamental role in a firm's ability to enhance its business performance (e.g., Brown and Russell, 2007). The present study proposed a research framework of RFID adoption and empirically investigated the effect of both inter- and intraorganizational factors on operational performance via RFID. Building on previous research, we conceptualized RFID adoption as a major mechanism coordinating organizational constructs to improve operational performance (Elliot et al., 2007). According to Brown and Russell (2007), we advanced hypotheses about the relationships among social support, power structure, organizational readiness, procedural flexibility, and top management support and how such mechanisms enhance operational performance in logistics service firms. Our research model and hypotheses provide insight into the critical linkages between inter- and intraorganizational factors, RFID adoption, and operational performance. All hypotheses were supported. The R2 values for organizational readiness (0.41) procedural flexibility (0.45), and top management support (0.38) indicated that RFID adoption interprets the relationship with organizational practices. Continuous investment in RFID adoption is necessary to improve operational performance, and firms should follow up on such investment by reinvestigating other issues in the external and IT contexts. Such as Elliot et al. (2007) suggest that RFID adoption decisions are fundamentally based on managerial perceptions, it is critical to consider how certain forms of infrastructure provide the necessary transparency into other infrastructural characteristics to augment such decisions. Lun et al. (2008) explore the implications from both the perspectives of external and internal organizations that have taken the initiative to adopt technology as RFID technology for container transport information enhancement in supply chain and those that have followed other organizations to adopt technology. Moreover, our results show that social support, power structure, organizational readiness, procedural flexibility, and top management support have positive and significant effects on RFID adoption. The R2 values for RFID adoption (0.52) and operational performance (0.68) indicated that the result of RFID model interprets well the effects of obtaining and retaining competitive advantage on upward performance. Therefore, the nomological relationships among inter- and intraorganizational factors, RFID adoption, and operational performance were demonstrated here in the context of logistics service firms, and the empirical results suggest that RFID adoption serves as a catalyst in the IT and performance relationship.