بهبود توسعه پایدار سهام ساختمان با پیاده سازی انرژی کارآمد، تکنولوژی های کنترل آب و هوایی

It is the aim of this article to explain the testing procedures developed at the University of Technology, Sydney (UTS) and to evaluate the potential natural ventilation and daylighting applications that have arisen from this research. The objectives for research into this field were to reduce energy costs and increase the sustainability of building stock. From the results of these experiments actual and potential designs are illustrated and discussed in this article. Multi-storey buildings require substantial artificial lighting, even with glass fronted facades, the shaded depths of multi-storey buildings require daylight supplementation and therefore energy. By supplementing the internal lighting levels with daylight, reducing the internal heat load by shading windows to direct radiation and the utilisation of natural ventilation over air conditioning where possible, significant energy savings are achievable. This article explores the heating and cooling problems associated with some glass faced curtain wall multi-storey facades and proposes design changes such as: delivering daylight above the suspended ceiling into the depths of the building by horizontal light pipes and natural ventilation, utilising stack effect and wind siphonage.

The need to provide climate control inside buildings to improve comfort levels and hence productivity is very desirable. However, the cost of design or redesign to achieve the desired comfort levels has to be economically evaluated. With the on going energy/greenhouse emission reduction campaigns and in accordance with Environmental and Ecologically Sustainable Development (ESD) principles, the relevance of implementing sustainable energy technologies is now gaining the attention of building designers around the world. The problems associated with energy consumption such as cost, material depletion both renewable and non renewable and greenhouse gas emissions have provoked an increased awareness and willingness to strive for technologies that provide ameliorative measures which increase the sustainability of building stock. An area of research that will contribute to reduced energy costs is building facade design implementing natural ventilation and daylighting. The objective of this paper is to highlight the implementation of the technologies and designs that have arisen from research into natural ventilation and daylighting at UTS. The Construction Management program at UTS has developed a light inlet test building that represents the curtain wall configuration familiar to multi storey buildings. Various methods and means have been evaluated to bring reflected light in above the suspended ceiling and then distribute this light throughout the building. The Construction Management program and Mechanical Engineering program at UTS have also developed a test rig to assess wind driven ventilators. From these results natural ventilation rates can be calculated. The aim of these projects is to develop a curtain wall panel that provides reduced artificial light dependency, reduced heat load and reduced operating costs, for both air conditioning and lighting. One of the daylighting devices that has been evaluated involves a solar hood shading device to stop incident radiation from striking the north facing glazing (south in the northern hemisphere) but reflects light through a horizontal light pipe (HLP) above the suspended ceiling and then redistributes that light into the work place (refer to Fig. 2).

The results of both the daylighting and ventilation research described in this article have produced a greater understanding of the application and benefits that may be achieved utilising the improved designs which will hopefully be implemented into low energy consuming sustainable office buildings, as depicted in Fig. 10. Considerable savings have been demonstrated by the HLP and VLP applications and the use of natural ventilation improvements such as the LVT. Only a few of the results of our testing have been highlighted in this article and it could be said that the most significant outcome of this research relates to the collection of reliable data that can be used to design systems from a scientific viewpoint. Both daylighting and natural ventilation are critical climate control components that should be considered for all building stock in efforts to reduce energy consumption and increase sustainability. Heating, cooling and material specification have a crucial part to play in the sustainable buildings of the future and applying some practical building and design science theory could make a substantial difference to both the short and long term viability of businesses operating within the buildings they occupy.