توسعه پایدار شهرهای زغال سنگ در استان هیلونگجیانگ بر اساس روش AHP

The sustainable development of coal mining cities in Heilongjiang province has important effect on the economic stability and development of Heilongjiang, Northeast China, and China at large. To further the sustainable development evaluation system of coal mining cities in Heilongjiang province, based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method combined with operational and scientific principles using Saaty’s 1–9 scale method to construct the judgment matrix from five aspects, such as economic development and environmental quality, this paper establishes the comprehensive evaluation index system of sustainable development of coal mining cities in Heilongjiang province, including comprehensive index of industrial economic benefits and the contribution rate of science and technology. In addition, using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, a comprehensive evaluation is made on the indices of the four major coal mining cities of Heilongjiang. The result shows that the coal mining cities are not better than Datong of Shanxi province in many indices. The economic development and environment quality are the most important indices of the targeted layer influencing the sustainable development of coal mining cities of Heilongjiang, and their index weights are 0.4358 and 0.2844, respectively. These two indices including comprehensive index of industrial economic benefit and the ratio of environmental protection investment to GDP are the key elements influencing the two aspects.

China’s national 12th 5-year plan proposes to revive the China northeastern old industrial bases, and promotes the transformation development in resource-exhausted areas. Heilongjiang province is enriched with coal resource. The four major coal mining cities of Hegang, Jixi, Shuangyashan, and Qitaihe have their own development advantages. They have rich coal resource, whose reserves account for 90% above of Heilongjiang’s mineral resources. However, restricted by the traditional development pattern, the problems of low coal resource utilization rate and imbalanced industrial structure of Heilongjiang province are hindering the development process [1], [2] and [3]. Many coal mining cities in the world have proposed sustainable development plans. But, to what sustainable extent do coal mining cities develop, and what are the outcomes? All those sustainable development index issues of resource-based cities are discussed by some Chinese scholars. However, how to evaluate sustainable development of coal mining cities is still a hot research issue [4] and [5]. Foreign literature on sustainable development of coal mining cities focus on the factors of organization and corporate governance, while domestic interests fall in transformation and continuous establishment of industries. This paper makes evaluation on the major coal mining cities of Heilongjiang based on sustainable development evaluation index system of coal mining cities.

(1). AHP-based sustainable development evaluation system is scientific and rational consisting of five aspects of economic development, environmental quality, resource state improvement, social harmony promotion and governmental administration capability enhancement. (2). More attention should be paid to the five aspects, especially economic development and environmental quality, however the comprehensive index of industrial economic benefit and ratio of environmental protection investment to GDP are the two key elements influencing the two aspects, therefore, these coal mining cities must raise industrial economic benefits and pay more investment into environmental protection. (3). The general sustainable development state of four major coal cities in Heilongjiang province is comparatively far from that of Datong, Shanxi. The ranking order is: Hegang < Qitaihe < Jixi < Shuangyashan < Datong, Shanxi. (4). It is necessary to identify distance, explore the causes, make related policy and measures, drive industrial economic growth stable, and promote sustainable development of coal mining cities in Heilongjiang province.