وقوع رفتار مصرف مواد مخدر و رفتار ضداجتماعی: آزمایش برای اختلافات جنسی در اثرات دوستان مرد مسن تر، دانش کم والدین و بزهکاری دوستان

Abstract Delinquency and substance use (SU) are commonly comorbid during adolescence. In the present study we investigate this co-morbidity with 3 main objectives: 1. Evaluate reciprocal relationships between delinquency/SU across early adolescence. 2. Assess the impact of older male friends, low parental knowledge and friends' delinquency on subsequent development and inter-relationships of delinquency and SU. 3. Evaluate sex differences in these relationships. We applied cross-lagged structural equation models to the analysis of a longitudinal sample (n = 3699). Findings demonstrated: (1) At ages 13–14 delinquency predicted SU more so than vice versa but effects became equal between ages 14 and 15. (2) Low parental knowledge and friends' delinquency predicted delinquency and SU. Older male friends predicted ASB. (3) Sex differences were present. For example, in the absence of antisocial friends low parent knowledge at age 12 indirectly predicted increased age 15 SU for girls more than boys.

Conclusion Our findings suggest that low parental knowledge and the influence of delinquent peers pose a significant risk for adolescent SU and delinquency, and that there may be a cascading effect once one of these externalizing behaviors is initiated. The findings from the current study suggest that charting the mechanisms and developmental course of SU and delinquency could well inform intervention research. Such knowledge might assist the promotion of youth who are free of delinquency and SU problems.