نقدینگی سهام و سهامدار دوم به عنوان رانندگان ارزش شرکت: شواهد از آمریکای لاتین

Econometric results for a comprehensive data set of more than 550 firms listed in the six largest stock markets of the region support a positive effect of variables measuring the existence, contestability, dispersion and identity of blockholder on performance (Tobin's Q) only for highly liquid stocks. The identity of the second largest blockholder (family, foreign, financial or the State) emerges as critical for such effects. The study supports that the voice and exit models are complementary rather than substitute mechanisms for firm corporate governance.