تجزیه و تحلیل عملکرد زیر بار از یک توربین کوچک برای عملیات متصل جزیره ای و شبکه ای
کد مقاله | سال انتشار | تعداد صفحات مقاله انگلیسی |
---|---|---|
28445 | 2014 | 10 صفحه PDF |
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Publisher : Elsevier - Science Direct (الزویر - ساینس دایرکت)
Journal : International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, Volume 55, February 2014, Pages 704–713
چکیده انگلیسی
Modeling, simulation and performance analysis of a microturbine (MT) generator (MTG) system is carried out in this paper. The MTG system is consisting of a MT coupled with a synchronous generator. The proposed model incorporates power, speed and voltage controller for maintaining constant speed and voltage under variable loading condition. Modeling and simulation tasks are performed in MATLAB-SIMULINK platform for different loading conditions under isolated and grid connected modes. Performance study of the MTG system is carried out with and without both speed and voltage controller. It is observed from the simulation work that the MTG along with speed and voltage controller performs quite well under load disturbances, thereby, renders its suitability as a viable option for playing a key role as distributed generation for both isolated and grid connected mode of operation.
مقدمه انگلیسی
Distributed generation (DG) system is going to play a key role in bridging the gap between the rate at which electrical energy demand is increasing and the generation capacity being added. A recent trend of decentralization in electric power utility is creating more opportunities for high penetration of DGs, serving as complimentary options to the centralized energy system. DG may be operated in dual mode with grid or without grid. Nevertheless, stand-alone DG systems are preferred more in hilly areas and remote villages where accessibility to the main grid is really a big challenge [1], [2] and [3]. Apart from these, DGs are technically stable, economically feasible and environment friendly. These are small and efficient modular generation systems [4], [5] and [6]. Recently, there is a growing concern among the researchers across the globe in developing microturbines (MTs) for DG applications owing to their quick start capability and easy controllability which may be useful for efficient peak shaving. Also, MTs render reliable and efficient operation along with lower maintenance cost and low greenhouse gas emission [7] and [8]. Microturbine generation (MTG) is a multi-fuelled generating system, incorporating simple cycle gas turbine technology with power generating capacity ranging between 25 and 500 kW. It suits best to meet peak load requirements of the consumer because of its quick start capability. Mainly, two types of MT are reported in the literature. One of them is very high speed, single-shaft MTG where generator and turbine are mounted on the same shaft while the other one is the split-shaft MTG system where a generator is connected via a gearbox to a power turbine [9], [10] and [11]. Addition of DG affects the overall dynamics of the power distribution network, thereby, accurate modeling of MTG and its control have become inevitable to predict its grid and off-grid interaction in advance. Due to these reasons, researchers around the globe have been concentrating hard to explore accurate dynamic model of the MTG system. Detailed theory of the gas turbine is well presented by Cohen et al. in [12]. In [9], [13] and [14], modeling of single-shaft heavy duty gas turbine and its performance dynamics with acceleration, temperature and speed control are discussed. A review of different gas turbine model, developed till now, is presented and compared in [15] and [16]. So far as microgas turbine is concerned, its governing principle resembles heavy duty gas turbine theory. Modeling, simulation and control of load-following performance for grid/off-grid operations of MTG are well pursued in [17], [18], [19], [20] and [21]. These works deal with single-shaft microturbine coupled with high speed permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). High frequency electrical power generated by PMSG, eventually, cannot be used directly by the consumer. As a result, interfacing of power electronic devices between the MTG and the end user is inevitable. The usage of power electronic components results in conversion losses and makes the overall system operation and control more complex. To overcome these complexities while modeling of single-shaft MTG with power electronic components, split-shaft modeling of MT with either induction generator (IG) or synchronous generator (SG) is reported in [9], [22], [23], [24] and [25]. The gas turbine governor model (GAST) developed by General Electric (GE) is the most commonly used model to study the dynamic performance of gas turbine. In [25] and [26], dynamics behavior of parallel operation of hybrid fuel cell and MTG system forming a microgrid is explored. Authors of [8], [23], [24] and [27] have used the GAST model for different load-following performance studies of split-shaft MTG system under with or without grid connected mode of operation. Sisworahardjo et al. in [24] have made a comparison between controller based on artificial neural network and conventional PI controller for standalone MT power plants. Oguz et al. have made similar type of approach in [27]. In the present work, GAST model of a split-shaft MTG is considered and simulated in MATLAB-SIMULINK® platform [28]. Slow dynamics of electro-mechanical system of a MTG is explored considering different load scenarios for islanding as well as grid connected mode of operation. Along with active power controller and speed controller, an additional voltage controller is also incorporated in the present work for load-following performance study of the proposed MTG system. The rest of the paper is organized as follows. In Section 2, model of split-shaft MT along with its control mechanism is presented. The parameters used in the studied MT model are illustrated in Section 3. Simulation results are presented and discussed in Sections 4. Finally, conclusions of the present work are drawn in Section 5.
نتیجه گیری انگلیسی
In this paper, the dynamic model of MTG system with power, speed and voltage controller is simulated for load-following performance study. The performances of the MTG under different loading pattern for both isolated as well as grid connected mode are studied and analyzed. Due to slow dynamics of MTG, little delay in increase and decrease in mechanical power in following the load dynamics are observed. Even though, MTG could able to trace out the changing load profile keeping speed of rotor and terminal voltage per phase at desired level under their respective controller actions. The results obtained in islanding mode are compared to earlier reported results assuming similar MTG system with same load patterns. Comparison shows better results due to the presence of properly tuned power, speed and voltage controllers. Further, a comparison of load-following response between split-shaft and single-shaft MT is also carried out. The study of the present work shows that MTG system has a bright future in micro-grid applications for meeting isolated or grid connected consumer load demand.