مجموع اقدامات بهره وری عامل برای Telstra

Using the Divisia indexation procedure to construct output and input indices for Telstra, this study estimated total factor productivity (TFP) growth rates for the period, 1980–1997. The study reveals that Telstra's TFP growth rates were significantly higher in the post-reform period compared to the pre-reform period. The study further reveals that the terms of trade for Telstra, defined as the ratio of output prices received and input prices paid by Telstra, has declined more sharply in recent years. This reflects Telstra's endeavour, under the competitive pressure, to share productivity gains with consumers.

Estimates of total factor productivity measure (TFP) for a firm involves construction of an aggregate output index and an aggregate input index. The ratio of the two indices provides the TFP measure that includes the impact of technical progress, economies of scale or of scope and managerial improvements. Although there are ways of decomposing the estimated TFP, an aggregate measure will be sufficient for our purpose. The purpose of the present study is to provide insight into the sharing of efficiency gains between Telstra and its customers. The present study is an update of the BIE (1995) using more recent data sourced from Telstra and Australian Bureau of Statistics and ABS. The methodology used in constructing the input and output indices is basically the same as BIE (1995) and is described briefly in Section 2 of this paper. Section 3 provides estimates of TFP measures for Telstra and Section 4 provides a summary and conclusions of the paper.

This study reported Telstra's productivity growth for the period, 1980–1997. The study reveals that the TFP growth rates for Telstra were significantly higher in the post-reform period compared to the pre-reform period. The estimated growth rates for the period, 1980–1991, were 4.9 percent per annum, while those for the period, 1992–1997 were 10.1 percent. A substantially high growth rate of 18 percent was achieved in 1993, just after introduction of partial competition in 1991–1992. The study further reveals that the terms of trade for Telstra, defined as the ratio of output prices received and input prices paid by Telstra, has declined more sharply in recent years. This reflects Telstra's endeavour, under the competitive pressure, to share productivity gains with consumers. Between 1992 and 1997, Telstra's aggregate output price has declined at an annual rate of 4.9 percent despite a sharp input price increase at about 6 percent per annum. The study finds that although Telstra's market share has declined as competitors attracted former Telstra customers, its sales continued to increase due to reduced prices and improved service quality. The study also concludes that, with the introduction of new technology and new products, the size of the market itself also expanded significantly. The downsizing of Telstra's workforce also provided impetus to the TFP growth rates. The results presented in this paper need to be treated cautiously. Higher growth rates and inefficiency may co-exist in enterprises substantially below the best practice levels. Levels of productivity gains need to be compared along with productivity growth rates. For international comparisons, data for other countries need to be incorporated to estimate productivity levels and growth rates across countries.