دانلود مقاله ISI انگلیسی شماره 44676
ترجمه فارسی عنوان مقاله

بافت محلی، کارآفرینی دانشگاهی و دانش باز: محرمانه بودن انتشارات و فعالیت های تجاری در میان دانشمندان ژاپنی و آمریکایی

عنوان انگلیسی
Local context, academic entrepreneurship and open science: Publication secrecy and commercial activity among Japanese and US scientists
کد مقاله سال انتشار تعداد صفحات مقاله انگلیسی
44676 2014 16 صفحه PDF
منبع

Publisher : Elsevier - Science Direct (الزویر - ساینس دایرکت)

Journal : Research Policy, Volume 43, Issue 2, March 2014, Pages 245–260

ترجمه کلمات کلیدی
کارآفرینی دانشگاهی - اختراعات - محرمانه بودن - دانش باز - ژاپن
کلمات کلیدی انگلیسی
Academic entrepreneurship; Patenting; Secrecy; Open science; Japan
پیش نمایش مقاله
پیش نمایش مقاله  بافت محلی، کارآفرینی دانشگاهی و دانش باز: محرمانه بودن انتشارات و فعالیت های تجاری در میان دانشمندان ژاپنی و آمریکایی

چکیده انگلیسی

Like the US before it, Japan has adopted a series of policy initiatives designed to encourage the commercialization of academic science. However, such initiatives may also adversely affect “open-science”. Based on matched surveys of almost 1000 researchers in Japan and over 800 in the US, the paper examines rates of commercial activity, reasons to patent, and secrecy related to research results. In particular, it examines the extent to which participation in commercial activity is associated with publication secrecy. The results show that patenting rates are higher in Japan, while industry funding is more common in the US. In addition, the overall level of publication secrecy is greater in Japan. And, in both countries, individuals who are commercially active are less likely to share their research results through publication. But, patents are less directly linked to commercial activity in Japan than in the US, and have less impact on academic secrecy. The results suggest that academic entrepreneurship is associated with reduced participation in open science, but that the extent of adverse effects depends significantly on institutional context.