قابلیت تغییر مفاهیم تولید استراتژیک و تاکتیکی

Changes in the market entail increasing flexibility requirements in product quality and delivery. As a consequence, sales, production, and supplier networks must be able to be adapted quickly. This holds for both physical and organizational structures and processes as well as their IT support (e.g., PPC software). The paper shows what networks, facility layouts, or planning and control systems are more suitable for certain requirements than for others. The differences come to light even within a company, such as when the finished product business shows different characteristics from the semi-finished product business or the spare parts business. In some cases flexibility potentials can be utilized to align resource management to different characteristics. In other cases there still are technical, methodological, and cost constraints.

Today, the ability to rapidly adjust production and distribution in response to changes in customer demand is viewed as a strategic challenge. For this reason, the changeability of production systems, for example of manufacturing plants, is being investigated at the strategic and tactical levels. This includes also the IT support of production and distribution, such as through PPC software. On changeability, see for example [1], [2] and [3] as well as the comprehensive discussion in [4]. Similar challenges result also for the selection of the production networks. This article shows that it is essential to have a clear understanding of the characteristic features that determine the choice of possible forms of the production networks, facility layouts, and planning and control systems. The features stand for market requirements with regard to quality, quantity, cost, and delivery. If these requirements change, quick adjustment in the use of resources is needed. This is possible only to some extent, depending on what the original state is and in what direction the change is required. In addition, different forms of the production types, for example, can exist simultaneously within the company.