یک چارچوب مفهومی برای همکاری طراحی و عملیات سیستم های کار ساخت

The paper addresses a conceptual framework for collaborative product design and related manufacturing system development, operations and maintenance. The framework consists of (1) a conceptual model for collaboration among autonomous manufacturing work systems and (2) an ICT platform which supports collaborative operations over the web. The framework improves visibility, understanding and control of the processes involved and on a practical level provides a platform on which geographically distributed operations can be conducted effectively. The system is developed as an integrated prototype web application. The case study presents the implementation of the concept in the development, operations and maintenance of manufacturing cells for die-casting of aluminum and magnesium components for automotive industry.

There is a steady growing pressure on companies, urged by the world wide competition, to streamline operations involving product and product related manufacturing system design, product manufacturing and system maintenance. The picture of a stand-alone company that is linked to its customers and suppliers only by delivery and procurement of products is no longer valid [I]T.h e customer-supplier relationship has undergone a substantial transformation from the traditional, simple buy-sell relationship toward the current one, which is focused on partnership. To realize these trends and to improve the efficiency and effectiveness in business and manufacturing activities the collaboration has been recognized as one of the most critical factors [2]. E-collaboration and collaborative systems have opened the possibility for geographically dispersed teams to work together by supporting communication, coordination and cooperation [3]. In order to reach the competitive level of performances in terms of reactivity, productivity, product quality and system availability, companies, especially SMEs, are motivated to join collaborative networks. On the one hand companies focus on their own competencies. On the other hand, they acquire complementary expertise and resources over collaborative networks. Thus, companies cooperate vertically along supply chains and horizontally among peers [4]. The research is focused on collaborative product design, and related manufacturing system development and its operations. These processes and their interrelations are complex due to incomplete data and knowledge, combinatorial explosion of states, and dynamic changes in the environment [5]. They are performed by several partners in timely and geographically distributed manner. Let us consider the relationship between a customer and a manufacturing equipment supplier. The customer is primary focused on a product which he delivers just-in-time to his customer. Therefore, he requires not just a manufacturing equipment supplier but a partner who would develop, manufacture, install, put the equipment into operations and, later on, who would offer support in operations in terms of process optimization, maintenance, system improvement, upgrading, reconfiguration, etc. In the paper a conceptual framework for collaboration in a network is proposed. It is implemented in an industrial network interconnecting a die-casting producer, a manufacturing system manufacturer and various service providers.

tive product design and related manufacturing system development and operations is proposed. The framework provides a unique basis for an effective integration and cooperation of teams and autonomous manufacturing work systems in order (1) to design and develop a high tech product from an idea to a prototype, (2) to develop an appropriate manufacturing system, and (3) to produce and deliver the product on the markets, collaboratively. The integration and cooperation is carried out by the virtual coordination unit and the communication portal, which provides generic integration interfaces with common data and knowledge bases, common applications and web services. The framework consists of the model for collaborative ADMS operations and the ICT collaboration platform. It enables collaboration among partners of a production network in timely and geographically distributed manner. The model for collaborative ADMS operations is characterized by the three levels decision structure, i.e. operational level, coordination level and strategic level. On the operational level the AWS as the generic building block is introduced. Its key characteristics are autonomy and visibility. The coordination level coordinates work processes and actors in the network. For the implementation of the conceptual framework the ICT collaborative manufacturing platform is developed. The generic module for surveillance, monitoring and remote control is introduced. The module enables the visibility of AWS in the network and represents a typical building block of the framework implementation. The distinguished properties of the framework are (1) autonomy and visibility of the building blocks, i.e. AWSs, (2) virtual coordination of processes from conceptual design to manufacture and (3) the three level management structure of collaboration within the production network. In addition to the conceptual framework that is elaborated and is being tested and validated in industry, several framework functionalities, e.g. performance assessment of AWS and the network, knowledge elicitation and integration, web based maintenance service, are to be developed in the future research work.