یک سیستم یکپارچه مبتنی بر وب برای مدیریت ریسک پروژه های بین المللی

Overseas construction projects tend to have a high possibility of loss/failure compared to domestic projects. For this reason, risk management is becoming more emphasized and systemized in international projects so as to improve the quality of difficult decisions that normally encompass a higher level of risk exposures. Since each phase of an overseas project has different types of risks in the decision-making process, a decision support system should be tailored to satisfy the specific needs of a particular phase. In this way, various risks that arise through the life cycle of a project can be constantly checked and monitored. This study reviews basic decision-making processes in global construction projects, and presents a web-based decision support system that is closely associated with relevant risks and each cycle of sequential decisions. The system allows easier access than those of stand-alone or intranet systems. Through the proposed system, anyone can access the system anywhere in the world, anytime, with any device. Construction firms are expected to make better decision in pursuing international construction projects with a consideration of key risk factors at each stage of a project.

Risk management has traditionally been applied in the area of safety, cost, and time management in construction projects. Its application area has also been expanded to include such fields as bid-decision making, feasibility studies, marketability studies, performance evaluations, and contingency management by reflecting the various factors spanning all phases of the project life cycle. Risk management becomes an integral part of project management and plays such an important role that its application goes beyond the traditional scope which normally centers on the construction phase [1]. Accordingly, it can be widely applied in various decision- making fields related to construction projects.

Uncertainties involved in international construction are difficult to assess using traditional tools because the data required for the fundamental decisions are highly judgmental. Additionally, the decisions for international construction are structured to include a multi-stage decision process and highly complicated variable relationships, which makes it difficult to identify accurate causal relationships. Moreover, the decision involves various possible alternatives which have to be analyzed repeatedly and dynamically throughout the feedback systems. This study derived key decision-making processes through literature review and expert feedback to establish an integrated risk management model which addresses the life cycle of international construction projects. Based on the results, individual models suitable for each stage of international construction projects and an integrated risk management process were presented. In addition, a web-based system was developed based on the proposed concept, which enabled users almost anywhere to perform continuous risk management for each stage of decision processes. The study results can be utilized as a means of decision making on an international individual project.