مطالعات شبیه سازی شبیه ساز بیماری در طول رانندگی

While driving simulators are a valuable tool for assessing multiple dimensions of driving performance under relatively safe conditions, researchers and practitioners must be prepared for participants that suffer from simulator sickness. This paper describes multiple theories of motion sickness and presents a method for assessing and reacting to simulator sickness symptoms. Results showed that this method identified individuals who were unable to complete a driving simulator study due to simulator sickness with greater than 90% accuracy and that older participants had a greater likelihood of simulator sickness than younger participants. Possible explanations for increased symptoms experienced by older participants are discussed as well as implications for research ethics and simulator sickness prevention.

Simulation is an invaluable research tool. Not only can it produce scenarios that are logistically or monetarily impossible, but it also eliminates a great deal of the risk associated with performing tasks in the real world. For this reason, although nearly any task can be simulated, simulation is most often used for tasks involving some degree of danger in order to provide an avenue for training, research, and even entertainment. It should come as no surprise then that some of the most commonly simulated tasks include flight, medical procedures, and the focus of the current study, driving. Although simulation can eliminate the crash risks associated with on-road research, the use of simulation introduces another risk, a syndrome known as simulator sickness (SS). This malady, similar to motion sickness (MS), can potentially confound data (Lerman et al., 1993 and Cobb et al., 1999), limit the effectiveness of training (Hettinger et al., 1990), and influence participant dropout rates (Cobb et al., 1999). This article addresses the various theories of MS and SS as well as some common measurement scales. Next, this article will present a method used in the Clemson University driving simulator laboratory to protect participants from simulator sickness. Finally, this article will consider practical concerns for practitioners and researchers dealing with simulator sickness and ways in which these concerns may be addressed.

While driving simulators are a useful research tool, simulator sickness can be a common side effect. This paper examines the utility of using the Motion Sickness Assessment Questionnaire (MSAQ) with a modified scale during driving simulation studies to determine if a given participant is experiencing SS such that an experiment should be stopped. In this study, a model was generated and tested based on the MSAQ assessment. The model successfully classified greater than 90% of participants as successfully completing or failing to complete the experiment. Although the data presented here were collected in the context of a driving simulator, it is likely that this process would be applicable to other types of simulation. An analysis of the individual participants who withdrew from the study due to sickness was valuable to illustrate the degree to which it is important to consider each individual participant's data. While the models show that three to four items predict most sickness, the examination of the individual participant's data demonstrate the degree to which the pattern of symptoms/dimensions differs between individuals who became sick. The use of the entire MSAQ facilitates collaboration between experimenter and participant to ensure participant well-being. Additionally, labs must also consider other issues including: the age of the participants, ethical issues, and research review boards.