افزایش بهره برداری و بهره وری از سازه های کامپوزیتی تقویت شده با الیاف های بهبود تافنس شکست بالا بین ورقه ای

Fibre-reinforced composite materials are used extensively in stiffness critical, weight sensitive structures such as those found in aerospace and motor racing. They are characterized by high in-plane strength, stiffness and toughness and low density. The most widely used family of these materials is essentially two-dimensional, characterized by relatively poor out of plane properties. As a consequence of low interlaminar toughness in particular, many possible applications are precluded and others severely compromised in performance per unit weight efficiency. Formula 1 racing represents the most advanced exploitation of composite materials both in terms of the percentage usage and complexity of application [Savage GM, J STA 2000;140:18]. In order to develop their products leading F1 teams work very closely with the major raw materials suppliers to expand the horizons of composites usage. The problems of interlaminar performance are discussed along with the techniques used to measure them and the fracture mechanics principles applied to improve them. A number of Formula 1 applications and developments are used to illustrate the effectiveness of the improved understanding of the interlaminar fracture behaviour of composites.

In terms of materials technology, fibre-reinforced composites have had the greatest influence upon the design of Formula 1 racing cars [15]. All of the cars that make up the grid are totally dependent upon composites in their construction. Not only have these materials provided levels of safety and performance that would otherwise be unattainable, they have facilitated advances in other areas such as aerodynamics. Despite their many advantages however, composite materials are seriously limited by relatively poor interlaminar properties. This precludes many potential applications and in others requires an overcautious, less weight efficient design solutions. Continued advances in toughened matrix materials have clearly demonstrated the importance of GIC. The development of 2035 resin system has produced a potential 90% increase in the interlaminar toughness of the corresponding composites. It is not possible to calculate exactly how this translates into subsequent component designs, but the circumstantial evidence is overwhelming. In short, interlaminar fracture toughness is the key element in further exploitation of composite structures. Conventional wisdom in Formula 1 has it that only advances in aerodynamics are manifest in improved chassis performance. The BAR team on the other hand have chosen to further enhance their performance in a campaign of weight reduction by the increased exploitation of composites technology driven in part by the principles described herein. This approach has helped the team to move from 8th to 2nd in the championship in a little over 2 years ( Fig. 15).