مکانیسم و اقدامات اصلاح ساختار سازمان صنعتی: چشم اندازی از صرفه جویی در انرژی و کاهش انتشار

Based on the theory of scale economies, this paper probes the mechanism and measures of adjusting industrial organization structure to promote energy saving and emission reduction. The structural factors and efficiency factors influencing energy consumption per unit of GDP interact with each other. Among which, the interaction between economies of scale and industrial organization structure constitutes the implementation mechanism that industrial organization structure is adjusted to promote energy saving and emission reduction. The empirical study of energy efficiency of some enterprises in the steel industry in China demonstrates the close relationship between energy efficiency and the scale of enterprises. In the end, measures of adjusting the industrial organization structure are put forward to promote energy saving and emission reduction.

With problems of energy wastage and environmental pollution that are becoming increasingly serious, how to reduce energy intensity in China is becoming the hot topic of academic research. Energy efficiency improvement and adjustment of industrial structure were studied to reduce the energy intensity. But in the research industrial structures were limited to industrial composition and efficiency factors limited to technological progress . Some scholars also studied measures of adjustment of industrialorganization structure, Lu Zhengnan[1] ,Jiang Jinhe[2], Qi Jianguo[3] suggested measures of eliminating backward production capacities and adjusting the scale of enterprises. Wei Chu[4] argued that transregional annexation and reorganizat ion of enterprises within industries should be encouraged to increase industry concentration and produce economies of scale. Cheng Yan et al.[5] suggested the energy consumption standards should be set for every enterprise in various industries, enterprises whose energy consumption were higher than the maximum standard or whose declining rate of energy consumption were lower than the minimum standard should be gradually eliminated in order to improve energy efficiency. Even so, seldom research has been done in regard to the mechanism of adjusting industrial organization structure to promote energy saving and emission reduction, and measures were limited to eliminating backward production capacities in the research

Former studies have confirmed the impact of structural factors and efficiency factors on energy consumption, but the studies also had flaws: structural factors were limited to industrial composition, and efficiency factors were limited to technical progress, so it is difficult for them to grasp the significant impact of efficiency factors and structural factors on energy saving and emission reduction completely. Whether enterprises could obtain economies of scale and industrial organization structure could be reasonable are of significant importance for energy saving. Economies of scale are the motivation and base of the adjustment of industrial organization structure, and the adjustment of industrial organization structure is the prerequisite for enterprises to obtain economies of scale. Because economies of scale derive from the scale and structure of agglomeration of production factors, ways of adjusting industrial organization structure to promote energy saving and emission reduction should be to expand the production scales, optimize division of labor in enterprises. The government could take economic measures to promote adjusting industrial organizat ion structure, such as impose higher fees for discharge of pollutant or carbon tax in order to increase the threshold for the access to heavy industry, adopt some preferential measures such as taxation reduction and low-interest loans to encourage the annexation and cooperation of enterprises.