نقش ابزارهای ERP در به اشتراک گذاری اطلاعات زنجیره تامین ، همکاری و بهینه سازی هزینه

The transaction based integrated Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) software provides different tools that can support supply chain integration but at the same time it has several features that obstructs the integration with business partners. We concentrate on the inventory management aspects of supply chain coordination reviewing the recent quantitative modeling and organizational results available in literature. We summarize the results of a detailed numerical and sensitivity analysis based on our previously published models for supply chain cooperation and joint optimal ordering and shipment policies for the buyer and supplier. These results can be used in enterprise software to measure the potential monetary value of policy coordination, to promote cooperation, and minimize the total supply chain system cost. Our further goal is to combine quantitative tools with organizational and management factors, and to integrate them in a multi-level framework of policy coordination.

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) software systems have focused on internal process integration of traditional functions, such as sales, production, and inventory management. The transaction based integrated processing provides different tools that can support supply chain integration but at the same time it has several aspects that obstruct the integration with business partners. By gaining access to the suppliers’ production and delivery schedules, buyers can improve their own production plans and delivery schedules. Correspondingly, suppliers can use the buyer's real time store level data to plan their inventory levels, and production schedules. Sharing order status information among the supply chain partners improves customer service quality, speeds up the payment cycle and provides cost savings. Sharing data regarding to performance metrics such as lead times, quality specifications, return status, etc., helps supply chain partners to identify and overcome the bottlenecks in the supply chain. In this paper first we summarize the most important tools and concepts of ERP systems that help in supply chain information sharing, cooperation, and cost optimization. On the other hand the obstacles of cooperation are characterized and suggestions for improvement are listed. In the third section, we provide the quantitative analysis and support for the three different development phases: first we discuss the traditional, adversary relationship between buyer and supplier, and then the case of partnership and the joint optimal policies are discussed, followed by the consideration of the effects of supply chain network. In the fourth section we deal with the organizational analysis and summarize the barriers, bridges of inter-organizational cooperation. Next, we outline a multi-level framework of cooperation for supply chain partners. In the last section conclusions and further research plans are summarized.