عوامل تعیین کننده جریان سرمایه گذاری مستقیم خارجی در بندر منطقه ای با مشاهده مبتنی بر منابع و تئوری سازمانی : یک مورد از بندر پوهانگ یونگیل

Given that FDI inflows can serve to encourage economic growth in host countries, FDI has been a popular research theme in academic and practical territories. This study provides important theoretical implications to the literature on global supply chain management in port hinterlands. In specific, FDI inflow in Pohang-Yeongil port hinterland is closely examined. This study shows how the government supporting policy can be effective to FDI inflow in Pohang-Yeongil port hinterland with regard to the institutional theory. The resource-based view is used to justify FTZ, industry cluster, and ICT infrastructures as major determinants to attract MNEs' FDI. Reviewing the theoretical implications assists in understanding how Pohang-Yeongil port can attract MNEs' FDI in the hinterland.

This study is one of the first to provide the theoretical and practical establishments of hinterlands in regional ports. In specific, we discussed various determinants of FDI inflows in the case of Pohang-Yeongil port hinterland. FDI has been considered an important power source to affect the economic health of nations. For example, many developing countries including China and India could realize economic growth throughout the 1980s and 1990s due to the FDI inflows. FDI has been a important economic theme in the maritime industry. The hub of East Asian as well as logistics is a long-term goal in Korean’s maritime industry. Developing port hinterlands can be an effective means to achieve the goal. Pohang-Yeongil port is also trying to develop the hinterland by attracting MNEs' FDI. However, Pohang-Yeongil port is a regional port with limited location advantages. Pohang-Yeongil port should establish unique strategies to attract the investment in the hinterland. Also, a simple developing strategy focusing on few national ports like Busan and Gwangyang ports is not appropriate enough to achieve the long-term goal and even survive in the competitive global environments. Ports are increasingly involved with each other in Korea. Therefore, national ports’ hinterlands can be best developed in context of other regional ports’ hinterlands. Four determinants are thus examined with regard to FDI inflow in Pohang-Yeongil port hinterland, a regional port in Korea. We hope that future research will provide useful reference and further exploration of the topic. Most of all, this study provides conceptual findings. They will become even more influential with empirical works in near future.