Metacognitive monitoring of working memory performance and its relationship to academic achievement in Grade 4 children
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اصطلاح فراشناخت به دانش ما درباره فرآیندهای شناختی خودمان و چگونگی استفاده بهینه از آنها برای رسیدن به هدف‌های یادگیری گفته می‌شود. به سخن دیگر به اطلاعاتی که فرد در مورد نظام شناختی خود دارد گفته می‌شود. با رشد و گسترش نظام شناختی در انسان مجموعه‌ای از فرآیندهای فراشناختی و نظارتی نیز شکل می‌گیرد. این مهارت‌های فراشناخت به صورت مهارت‌های آگاهی‌دهنده عمل می‌کنند که در طی یادگیری و پردازش اطلاعات مورد استفاده ذهن قرار می‌گیرد و جریان این پردازش را تسهیل می‌کند. به طور کلی کیفیت حافظه و یادگیری به فراشناخت وابسته است. اصطلاح فراشناخت را اولین بار فلاول در سال 1976 مورد استفاده قرار داد تا با آن دانش شخص را در مورد فرآیندها و تولیدات شناختی یا هر چیز مربوط به آن توصیف کند. از فراشناخت تعاریف گوناگونی ارائه شده است: آگاهی شخص از فرآیندها و راهبردهای شناختی(مسترز ، 1981؛ به نقل از فلاول، 1985)؛ تفکر دربارۀ تفکر(براون، 1984؛ به نقل از گلاور و برونینگ ، 1990)؛ دانش و کنترلی که در مورد تفکر و فعالیت های یادگیری اعمال می شود(کراس و پاریس ، 1988)؛ دانش درباره ی دانستن(میلر،2002؛ به نقل از عطارخامه، 1388) و دانش فرد دربارۀ چگونگی یادگیری خودش (اسلاوین،2006؛ به نقل از سیف، 1386). فراشناخت کلیدی است برای توانایی شناختی، که به افراد اجازه می دهد تا افکارشان را کنترل و بازسازی کنند و نقش اساسی در یادگیری ایفا می کند(گاس و ویلی، 2007؛ به نقل از عطارخامه، 1388).
در این صفحه، تعداد 143 مقاله انگلیسی از ژورنال ها و مجلات معتبر پایگاه ساینس دایرکت (ScienceDirect) درباره موضوع فراشناخت آرشیو شده است که شما می توانید مقالات مورد نظر خود را بر اساس سال انتشار، موضوع مقاله، وضعیت ترجمه و تعداد صفحات، انتخاب نموده و دانلود فرمایید.
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در صورتی که مقاله لاتین مورد نظر شما تا کنون به زبان فارسی ترجمه نشده باشد، واحد ترجمه پایگاه ISI Articles با همکاری تنی چند از اساتید و مترجمان با سابقه، آمادگی دارد آن را در اسرع وقت و با کیفیت مطلوب برای شما ترجمه نماید.
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