توالی جداسازی قطعات و تجزیه و تحلیل هزینه برای محصولات الکترومکانیکی

For companies, the improvement of the recyclability performance of their newly designed products is becoming an integral part of product development process. The concept of environmental conscious design (ECD) has been adopted to assist the environmental performance of the products at the early stage of designing. This new trend requires that the design strategies need to be modified by integrating the environmental constraints. This paper provides the disassembly sequence and cost analysis for the electromechanical products during the design stage. The disassembly planning is divided into four stages: geometric assembly representation, cut-vertex search analysis, disassembly precedence matrix analysis, and disassembly sequences and plan generation. The disassembly cost is categorized into three types: target disassembly, full disassembly, and optimal disassembly. The result of this approach shows that the electromechanical products can be disassembled systematically and economically.

Resource optimization (energy and material) and environmental issues in product life-cycle context are taken very seriously by companies as well as government agencies. For example, the governments of Germany and the US require that original equipment manufacturers (OEM) need to take responsibility for the disposal of their products [1]. The Green Plan of Canada was produced in 1990 to reduce the stabilization of CO2 and other greenhouse emissions by the year 2000 (MSS 1990). Some governments have also set up official Eco-labeling schemes, which are intended to inform customers of environmentally friendly products. All of these regulations are intended to minimize the environmental impact of products. These activities urge designers to design new products that are more environmental friendly and economical. Alting [2] proposed life-cycle engineering (LCE) approach, which emphasizes that products affect the environment at many points in their lifecycles (Fig. 1). These environmental impacts could be minimized only if the products can be disassembled and recycled easily. Disassembly is defined by Brennan et al. [3] as “the process of systematic removal of desirable constitute parts from an assembly while ensuring that there is no impairment of the parts due to the process”. Two methods are used to remove components or materials: destructive and non-destructive disassembly. For destructive disassembly process, the most common ways are shredding processes. In shredders, scrap is compressed and fed into a drum, where it is ripped apart by a set of rotating hammers until it is sufficiently small to drop out of an output grid. Then, light materials (e.g., textile or some plastics) are separated from heavy weight materials (e.g., steel or other ferrous metals). It results in fractions containing more than one material (e.g., a mixture of plastics and metals) and more separation and identification are required. Full-size image (35 K) Fig. 1. Material flow for product life cycle [2]. Figure options For the non-destructive disassembly process, the products allow complete material recycling of products, along with possible part and subassembly reuse [4]. From the perspective of recycling, the non-destructive disassembly can have higher recycle value for the electromechanical products. However, it needs to have a systematic method to analyze the disassembly sequences and processes. This paper provides the disassembly sequence and cost analysis for the electromechanical products during the design stage. The disassembly planning is divided into four stages, geometric assembly representation, cut-vertex search analysis, disassembly precedence matrix analysis, and disassembly sequences and plan generation. The disassembly cost is categorized into three types: target disassembly, full disassembly, and optimal disassembly.

The paper has described the graph-based approach of electromechanical products disassembly analysis. Disassembly planning is a related task in recycling issues. It has been recognized that disassembly of used products is needed to make recycling economically and environmentally viable in reprocessing technology because most complex products can hardly be recycled directly. The result of this approach shows that electromechanical products can be disassembled systematically and economically.