استفاده از منابع و انتشار گازهای گلخانه ای در اقتصاد شهری: مدل سازی ورودی خروجی بوم شناسی برای پکن2002

The embodiment of natural resources and greenhouse gas emissions for the urban economy of Beijing economy 2002 by a physical balance modeling is carried out based on an extension of the economic input–output table into an ecological one integrating the economy with its various environmental driving forces. Included resources and greenhouse gas emissions belong to six categories as energy resources in terms of primary energy and secondary energy; water resource; emissions of CO2, CH4, and N2O; exergy in terms of energy sources, biological resources and minerals; and solar emergy and cosmic emergy in terms of climate resources, soil, energy sources, and minerals.

Though various efforts have been made to account natural resources consumption and environmental emissions at the urban scale [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21] and [22], relevant decision making necessitates more systematic analysis of the urban economy in context of environmental resources in general and global climate change in particular, for which the ecological input–output modeling [23] and [24] could be most helpful.

This paper provides a systematic and detailed calculation on the embodiment of natural resources and environmental emissions at urban scale through the extension of the economic input–output analysis into the environmental analysis for the first time, with the case study of Beijing 2002. Accounted items include energy, GHG emissions, water resource, exergy, solar emergy and cosmic emergy.