The influence of personality traits and emotional and behavioral problems on repetitive nonsuicidal self-injury in a school sample
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رفتارهای خودآسیبی تحت عنوان خودتخریبی یا تخریب بافت های بدن بدون قصد آشکار خودکشی تعریف شده است. رفتارهای خودآسیبی به میزان زیادی در همه فرهنگ ها یافت می شود و از شایع ترین مشکلات در میان نوجوانان است. منینگر نخستین کسی بود که رفتارهای خودآسیبی را از رفتارهای منتهی به خودکشی متمایز کرد. اگرچه خودکشی حد نهایی رفتار خودآسیب رسان است، اما اصطلاح رفتارهای خودآسیبی برای رفتارهای خودکشنده اطلاق می شود. البته بسیاری از محققان، سایر رفتارهایی که در طولانی مدت و بطور غیرمستقیم نیز باعث آسیب به خود می شوند، نظیر سوء مصرف دارو و مصرف الکل و رژیم غذایی سخت را از جمله رفتارهای آسیب رسان ذکر کرده اند. رفتارهای آسیب رسان به شکل های متفاوت ظاهر می شود. رفتارهای خودآسیبی را به سه دسته تقسیم می کنند: الف: رفتارهای خوداسیبی شدید مانند قطع عضوی از بدن که در بیمارهای روانی مشاهده می شود؛ ب: رفتارهای خودآسیبی کلیشه ای( غیرارادی) که در بیماران عقب ماندگان ذهنی اتفاق می افتد مانند کوبیدن سر به دیوار و ... ج: رفتارهای خودآسیبی سطحی که شایع ترین رفتارهای خودآسیبی هست مانند خراشیدن پوست، کندن زخم، جویدن ناخن و برخی از جراحی های زیبایی خطرناک و حکاکی روی پوست.
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