جستجوی افزایش آگاهی از خودآسیبی عمدی بین المللی در جمعیت های جامعه

INTENTIONAL SELF-HARM without intent to die involves complex health, psychological, and social behaviors. Over many years, an attempt to explain these behaviors has ranged from the supernatural with demonic possession to multiple explanations through psychiatry and psychology (Favazza, 1996). At one time, self-harm was believed to exist primarily in patients with mental illness. In modern society, self-harm without intent to die has come into the main stream through the Internet, music, and movies and is now reported in various community populations. Approximately 1% to 4% of adults and 13% to 23% of adolescents report a history of self-harm without intent to die (Jacobson & Gould, 2007). Other community populations where self-harming behavior has been reported is 4% among military recruits (Klonsky, Oltmanns, & Turkheimer, 2003) to up to 38% among college students (Brown et al., 2007, Favazza et al., 1989 and Gratz et al., 2002). People with a history of self-harm were found to have an elevated lifetime risk for suicide (deMoore and Robertson, 1998, Hawton et al., 2003 and Zahl and Hawton, 2004). Self-harm is an international phenomenon as well with care being reported by researchers from England, India, and Norway (Klonsky, 2007).

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