اقداماتی برای توسعه اقتصادی مبتنی بر دانش: معرفی تکنیک های داده کاوی به توسعه دهندگان اقتصادی در ایالت جورجیا و در جنوب ایالات متحده

The contribution of knowledge to economic growth and competitiveness has attracted increased attention. Publications with a topical focus on areas related to innovation have risen dramatically from 1963 to 2005, but more slowly in local and regional development journals. In contrast to the wide use of aggregate measures of innovation, this paper presents four cases presenting disaggregated knowledge-based approaches into the policy- and decision-making processes of economic developers in the state of Georgia and the US South. The first case uses information obtained from patents and publications to inform traditional out-of-area economic development recruitment strategies in a more knowledge-oriented direction. The second case exemplifies the use of data mining to identify top researchers as part of a strategic state economic development effort. The third case illustrates how local knowledge-based capabilities can be identified in cities not traditionally viewed as innovative. Nanotechnology-related knowledge assets in the southern United States are mapped and assessed in the fourth case. Disaggregated methods used in traditional strategies were most intuitively understood and used, but new knowledge measures were found to encourage local and state economic developers to begin to embrace new paradigms.

In recent years, increased attention has been given to the contribution of knowledge in processes of economic growth and competitiveness. In explaining economic performance in developed as well as developing countries, factors related to the generation, acquisition, sharing and use of knowledge are now attributed with a highly significant, if not determining, role relative to the conventional economic inputs of land, labor and capital [1]. The ways in which companies and industries manage knowledge to enhance capability and to stimulate innovation have surfaced as increasingly critical factors in business and economic success [2] and [3]. Moreover, in addition to formal codified knowledge, weight has been placed on the value of learning and the development of tacit knowledge through experience, collaboration and networking [4].

As the economy is increasingly seen as evolving toward new waves of knowledge-based development, patents and publications are becoming widely used to research and measure the knowledge or innovation economy. Use of these measures has grown rapidly in the science and technology policy arena, but more slowly in the field of economic development, which is significant because of the critical implementation role that economic developers can play in stimulating knowledge-based development in their region. This paper presented four ways that data and text mining has been used to inform technology-based economic development policy in the state of Georgia and the US southeast.