کارآفرینی نوآورانه برای توسعه اقتصادی در اتحادیه اروپا

It is widely acknowledged that entrepreneurship contributes to the positive growth of different economical indicators. Adam Smith 1776 already observed different features of innovation in the 18th century and later generations of specialists have showed that innovation is a great force of economic activity. Nowadays, it is well known worldwide that innovation is the engine of growth being an important element of development achievements Fagerberg et al., 2011. In Europe, after 1980, the first programs, which promoted innovation and SMEs, started EC, 2000. The impact on the growth of the innovative SMEs is significant as official data show. Therefore, innovative entrepreneurship started to be considered a key factor of modern economic development UN, 2012. This paper presents a short review of the literature on the relevance and role of innovation and entrepreneurship on economic growth and development. This study intends to analyze the relation between entrepreneurship, innovative entrepreneurship and economic development in EU. For the statistical data processing, we used the SPSS software package.

Different studies have also acknowledged this central role in the economic literature. Thus, entrepreneurship has been recognized as a micro driver of innovation and economic growth Wennekers and Thurik, 1999; Audretsch and Thurik, 2001; Acs, 2006; Audretsch et al., 2006. Grilo and Thurik 2005 consider that the entrepreneurial activity is at the heart of innovation, productivity growth, competitiveness, economic growth and job creation. Dahlstrand and Stevenson 2008 show that SMEs and entrepreneurship continue to be a key source of dynamism, innovation and flexibility in advanced industrialized countries, as well as in emerging and developing economies. In OECD, 2007a, it is underlined that, today, innovative performance is a crucial factor in determining competitiveness and national progress, and much of the rise in living standards is due to innovation, emphasizing the fact that improving the business environment for innovation is especially important, as business is the main driver of innovation.

The world economic crisis, which started in 2008, has deeply affected the European economies and the decreasing tendency persists more accentuated in emerging market economies in post-crisis period as well. Nowadays, Europe has to confront major problems