هزینه های اقتصادی از قطع برق: مدل سازگار و روش شناسی

One of the most basic requirements in cost/benefit assessments of generation and transmission systems are the costs incurred by customers due to power interruptions. This paper provides a consistent set of cost of interruption data that can be used to assess the reliability worth of a power system. In addition to this basic data, methodologies for calculating the customer damage functions and the interrupted energy assessment rates for individual load points in the system and for the entire service area are also presented. The proposed model and methodology are illustrated by application to the IEEE-reliability test system (IEEE-RTS) [A Report Prepared by the Reliability Test System Task Force of the Application of Probability Methods Subcommittee, IEEE Reliability Test System, IEEE Trans. on PAS, Vol. PAS-98, No.6, pp. 2047-2054, November/December 1979. [1]].

Quantitative reliability evaluation is an important aspect of power system planning and operation. The indices produced in these applications are utilized in a wide range of management decisions throughout a utility. These techniques have also been used in reliability cost/reliability worth (sometimes referred to as the cost/benefit approach) assessments of electric power systems [2], [3] and [4] and marginal outage costing [5]. Assessing the worth of reliability is a very difficult task to conduct directly. The difficulty comes from the fact that there are many intangibles involved in the process, which are not always amenable to monetary quantification. A number of approaches have been applied over the past few decades to quantify reliability worth. Most of these methods are based on the assessment of the effects and impacts of unreliability [6]. It is believed that quantifying the costs and losses incurred by electric customers as a result of power deficiencies is an easier task than attempting to directly assess reliability worth. The unreliability costs or the costs of interruption are not identical to the worth of reliability but are considered to be reasonably representative measures. In order to generate a practical tool for reliability worth assessment, customer interruption costs must be related to the calculated indices utilized in system planning and operation. Factors that relate the customer losses caused by electric power interruptions to the worth of electric service reliability have been developed for generating systems [7] and composite generation and transmission systems [8]. Such factors are referred to as interrupted energy assessment rates (IEAR's). This paper provides a consistent set of cost interruption data for the IEEE-RTS. The utilization of these data in calculating the interrupted energy assessment rate for an entire service area (HLI analysis) and at individual load points (HLII analysis) of a power system is illustrated.

This paper provides a consistent set of data for building cost of interruption models for a given service area and the individual load points of the IEEE-RTS. The utilization of these models in calculating the IEAR's at HLI and HLII is also illustrated in this paper. The calculated IEAR values can be used in expansion studies and cost/benefit analysis of generating and composite generation and transmission systems. The proposed cost model and methodology constitute a fundamental addition to the basic IEEE-RTS data outlined in [1] and permit an analyst to conduct cost/benefit studies of the system. Hopefully, they will also stimulate the development of new applications of quantitative reliability methods.