مطالعه طولی، در روابط بین شخصیت نوجوان و هوش با ظهور رهبر بزرگسالان و رهبری تحول گرا

The long-standing question of the role of traits, particularly personality and intelligence, in predicting leadership qualities was addressed using a longitudinal design in the current study. Based on data from participants in the Fullerton Longitudinal Study, we examined the relationship between adolescent personality and intelligence collected at age 17 and multiple measures of self-reported adult leader emergence and transformational leadership at age 29. Results indicated a significant relationship between adolescent extraversion and adult workplace leader emergence and transformational leadership above and beyond adolescent intelligence, across a 12-year span. Implications for youth leader development are discussed.

Whereas there has been a great deal of research investigating the question of the role of traits in predicting leadership emergence and effectiveness, there has been very little if any research addressing this question longitudinally. In the current study, we sought to contribute to the literature by examining the longitudinal relationship between traits and leader emergence and transformational leadership. As such, we assessed two of the most discussed leader traits, personality and intelligence, in adolescence; while assessing adult leader emergence and transformational leadership. Spanning 12 years, the findings of this study showed that that adolescent Extraversion is related to adult leadership, while controlling for the influence of intelligence. This research is not only in accord with earlier cross-sectional work (Bono & Judge, 2004), but extends knowledge by providing longitudinal findings over a 12-year period regarding statistically significant, albeit modest, relationship between adolescent assessments of personality and intelligence and aspects of adult leadership. Furthermore, the utilization of a sample not selected for leadership provides additional generalization of the validity of these findings to the literature. Finally, results imply the existence of the adolescent roots of adult leadership, and thus have implications for leadership training programs in adolescence.