فشارهای فرهنگی اجتماعی، درونی سازی ایده آل، خود عینیت بخشیدن و نارضایتی از بدن: آیا باورهای فمینیستی یک عامل تعدیل کننده است؟

Theory and research suggest that sociocultural pressures, thin-ideal internalization, and self-objectification are associated with body dissatisfaction, while feminist beliefs may serve a protective function. This research examined thin-ideal internalization and self-objectification as mediators and feminist beliefs as a moderator in the relationship between sociocultural pressures to meet the thin-ideal and body dissatisfaction. Female undergraduate volunteers (N = 195) completed self-report measures assessing sociocultural influences, feminist beliefs, thin-ideal internalization, self-objectification, and body dissatisfaction. Multisample structural equation modeling showed that feminist beliefs moderate the relationship between media awareness and thin-ideal internalization, but not the relationship between social influence and thin-ideal internalization. Research and clinical implications of these findings are discussed.

Body dissatisfaction is a significant problem among women, as considerable research documents body dissatisfaction as a risk factor for chronic dieting and eating pathology (Stice, 2002). According to Spitzer, Henderson, and Zivian (1999), over 80% of women in university settings report body dissatisfaction. In this context, body dissatisfaction consists of dysfunctional, negative beliefs and feelings about one's weight and shape ( Garner, 2002). In particular, body dissatisfaction is a belief that particular parts of the body (such as hips or buttocks) are too large. Women often become dissatisfied with their bodies because they are unable to meet the socioculturally determined beauty ideal, an ideal that prescribes an extremely thin figure for women. Due to Western cultures’ focus on this thin-ideal, an ideal that is often unattainable, the primary focus of body image and its disturbance in these cultures is body weight and shape ( Heinberg, 1996; Tiggemann & Lynch, 2001).