اثرات نظرات والدین بر روی نارضایتی از بدن و اختلال غذا خوردن در بزرگسالان جوان: یک مدل اجتماعی فرهنگی

This study examined a sociocultural model of the influence of parental comments on body shape and eating concerns among males and females. Questionnaires were completed by 338 undergraduates. Participants reported levels of perceived parental comments, internalization of media ideals, appearance comparison, body dissatisfaction, drive for thinness and bulimia. Results revealed that, regardless of gender, internalization and appearance comparison only partially mediated the relationship between parental comments and the outcome variables. The final model for females explained a larger proportion of the variability in body shape and eating concerns than in males, with positive and negative parental comments directly related to body dissatisfaction and through it to eating outcomes. In males, only negative comments were directly related to body dissatisfaction. These findings highlight the role of parental influences in sociocultural models of the development of body dissatisfaction and eating concerns, and the gender-specific patterns of sociocultural influence.

Perceived pressure from parents has been described as one of the principal sociocultural factors related to the development of body dissatisfaction and eating concerns among young adults, perhaps even the most salient (Ata et al., 2007, Dunkley et al., 2001, Field et al., 2001, van den BergT et al., 2002 and van den BergW et al., 2002). Parental comments regarding shape, weight and eating have been shown to be an important form of these pressures (Benedikt et al., 1998, Vincent and McCabe, 2000 and Wertheim et al., 2002). Furthermore, the influence of parental pressures on body shape and eating concerns has been shown to be mediated by levels of media internalization and appearance comparison (Keery, van den Berg, & Thompson, 2004). The aim of the present study was to propose a model of the influence of parental comments regarding weight and shape on body dissatisfaction and disordered eating behaviors among young adults.