استفاده از ساختار پشتیبانی استقلال ادراک شده برای درک نفوذ اجتماعی در تئوری رفتار برنامه ریزی

Objectives The present study examined the role of perceived autonomy support within the theory of planned behavior in a physical activity context. In accordance with self-determination theory [Ryan, R.M., & Deci, E.L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development and well being. American Psychologist, 55, 68–78], it was hypothesized that perceived autonomy support would predict intentions to participate in physical activity behavior directly and indirectly via attitudes. Design The study followed a prospective design where variables contained in the theory of planned behavior and past behavior were assessed at baseline and physical activity was measured 5 weeks later. Method Two hundred and thirty-five participants (male=91, female=144; M=20.28M=20.28 years, SD=6.59 years) completed self-report measures of intentions, attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, perceived autonomy support and behavior in a physical activity context. Results Results indicated that perceived autonomy support predicted physical activity behavior indirectly via the mediation of attitudes and intentions. Past behavior did not reduce the influence that perceived autonomy support exerted on physical activity. Conclusions It was concluded that perceived autonomy support assists in the explanation of the social influences on intentions and physical activity behavior.

Self-determination theory is becoming a popular theory of human motivation in sport and exercise psychology (Ryan & Deci, 2000). Its popularity stems primarily from the fact that it can explain a great deal of variance in exercise and sport behavior on the basis of few principles related to psychological needs of self-determination, competence and relatedness (Ryan & Deci, 2000). Moreover, self-determination theory is attractive because it addresses limitations of other important theories of human motivation such as the theory of planned behavior (Hagger & Chatzisarantis, 2005). For example, research conducted by Chatzisarantis, Biddle, and Meek (1997) has shown that assumptions underlying self-determination theory are useful in understanding why intentions do not always translate into actions. The present study uses the construct of perceived autonomy support from self-determination theory to explain why Ajzen's (1991) theory of planned behavior is insufficient in capturing social influence.