مدیریت مالی انرژی های تجدید پذیر در استراتژی بزرگ شدن اتحادیه اروپا و بحران های محیطی

The European Union's enlargement process has entered a new phase. The completion of the accession negotiations with Croatia opened the way to membership in mid-2013. In addition, for Turkey, accession process remains the most effective framework for promoting EU-related reforms, developing dialogue on foreign policy issues, strengthening economic competitiveness and diversifying supply of energy sources. Similarly, improved energy cooperation with the enlargement countries directly benefits European citizens and businesses. Energy interconnection is a key element in the EU's cooperation with all neighboring countries aimed at promoting sustainable economic growth, trade and cultural exchange, employment, as well as at improving living conditions. All enlargement countries have now embarked upon a path of recovery, though at varying paces. For instance, Turkey has emerged from the crisis with a bigger economy and its growth continues to be impressive, but there are increasing signs of overheating. The Western Balkan economies are also beginning to recover, though it will take some time for them to reach pre-crisis levels. Meanwhile, climate developments will affect financial positions through their direct impact on tax bases and spending programs, and more importantly, through the policies needed to mitigate climate change and adapt behaviors and production to the new environment. The present study aims to investigate the relationship between economic growth, energy intensity, and financial management and CO2 emissions in case of the EU.

e most desirable task of all the economies perhaps is to strive for environmentally sustainable economic growth. Similarly, a rise in economic growth leads to increase in energy demand, which in return stimulates economic growth. After accession to the EU, candidate countries have been diversifying themselves by developing service-based economy such as the finance, transportation and especially energy sectors. Following the terms of the EU allocation agreement, it is required to analyze whether a candidate country can fulfill the targets set by the EU by preventing the hike in greenhouse gases emissions up to 40 per cent, for the period of 2008-2012 or not. The principal cause of the rise in CO2 emissions is the rapid use of fossil fuel. The most important challenge for energy policy making authorities is to introduce new measures that can help in reducing energy emissions. The structure of economy is one of the key factors that affect energy demand. At the same time, energy awareness has undoubtedly made great strides in the EU. Energy markets are still interwoven with major economic and political decisions. In this context, the enlargement of the EU from 15 states to 28 makes for a major shift in the political, regional, and economic balance. Renewable energy sources often receive necessary boost when prices of fossil fuels start to skyrocket. The exploitation of new energy resources requires major investments in a new infrastructure and should be therefore financially sustained. Investment in the R&D sector is one the most instruments for supporting the renewable energies on a local level. For example, Germany, the Netherlands and Denmark spurred technology development with major research and particularly demonstration projects from the 1980s on.A lack of technological absorption capacity poses a barrier to the adoption of the latest and mostadvanced productivity-enhancing technologies. Technology parks which can be financed with EU funds would be very important to facilitate technological absorption. The remainder of the paper is structured as follows: Theoretical background of environmental crises management is presented in section 2. In the next section, we provide a brief overview of the renewable energy finance management in the EU and Western Balkans. Final section is devoted to conclusion and future directions.

In fact, the amount of manpower working in renewable energy is positively related to the number of researchers in an economy. In this context, investment in renewable energy capacities is necessary to cover retirement of old and inefficient power plants and to meet future increased energy demand in the Western Balkan region. Balkan region consists of the countries included into Energy Community, which did not reach the necessary economic level required by the EU due to its local reasons. In addition, energy characteristics of the region are not closed within its borders, but there is a need and interest in marketing communications with other regional markets. So, the renewable energy sector in Turkey is still at an infant stage and cannot be evaluated in isolation from developments in both the EU and the Balkan countries. According to Ecofys 2011 final report, existing financing instruments have enabled investments in the renewable energy sector to reach record-breaking levels over the past few years, but this growth has been distributed unevenly across the member states. The current capital inflow in the sector is believed to be too low to enable the achievements of the EC objectives at the 2020 horizon.The general conclusion in this study is that the adoption of environmental policy in the Western Balkans including Turkey can affect the policy targets imposed by the EU. In addition, it is clear that market-based management of energy will be the only option for the EU and its enlargement countries and the reorganization of the society needs to overcome the current energy shortage and to guarantee a different management of the commons, including renewable energy.