تفکر درونی سازی: از شرکت های چند ملیتی تا کارخانه جهانی

Internalisation thinking is traced from its inception by Coase through its application to multinational enterprises and to the global factory. The general principles governing the internalisation of markets are revisited and the focus on innovation, the dynamics of internalisation and its application to newer structures of firms such as the global factory are emphasised.

In The Future of the Multinational Enterprise (Buckley & Casson, 1976) set up a research agenda that is still being worked out. The principles of internalising a market and least cost location of activities are part of a wider research agenda whose key elements are: (1) information costs (knowledge management); (2) systems theory (networks); (3) innovation (entrepreneurship) and (4) differences in social interaction across the world (psychic distance). The intellectual journey traced here is the transition from the theory of the multinational enterprise to “the global factory”. (Buckley, 2004a, Buckley, 2007, Buckley, 2009 and Buckley and Ghauri, 2004).