دانلود مقاله ISI انگلیسی شماره 42079
ترجمه فارسی عنوان مقاله

شهرنشینی و تجارت بین المللی و سیاست های سرمایه گذاری به عنوان عوامل موثر بر بیماری های مسری در کشورهای جنوب صحرای آفریقا

عنوان انگلیسی
Urbanization and International Trade and Investment Policies as Determinants of Noncommunicable Diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa
کد مقاله سال انتشار تعداد صفحات مقاله انگلیسی
42079 2013 21 صفحه PDF
منبع

Publisher : Elsevier - Science Direct (الزویر - ساینس دایرکت)

Journal : Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, Volume 56, Issue 3, November–December 2013, Pages 281–301

ترجمه کلمات کلیدی
جهانی شدن - شهرنشینی - تجارت و سرمایه گذاری - رژیم غذایی ناسالم - سازمان جهانی بهداشت - سازمان تجارت جهانی - سازمان تجارت جهانی - سازمان همکاری اقتصادی و توسعه - کشورهای کم درآمد - کشورهای کم درآمد - بیماری های غیر ناقل - بیماری های غیر مسری -
کلمات کلیدی انگلیسی
Globalization; Urbanization; Trade and investment; Unhealthy diet; Noncommunicable diseaseAIDS, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; AMOS, Analysis of Moment Structure; BIPAs, Bilateral Investment Promotion and Protection Agreements; BMI, Body Mass Index; CFI, Comparative Fit Index; CIA, Central Intelligence Agency; CVD, Cardiovascular Disease; EIU, Economist Intelligence Unit; FAO, Food and Agricultural Organization (United Nations); FDI, Foreign Direct Investment; FIML, Full Information Maximum Likelihood; GAP, Global Action Plan; GATS, General Agreement on Trade in Services; GDP, Gross Domestic Product; HIV, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; KOF, Konjunkturforschungsstelle [Institute for Business Cycle Research]; OECD, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development; LICs, Low-income countries; NCDs, Noncommunicable Diseases; RMSEA, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation; SAPs, Structural Adjustment Programs; SEM, Structural Equation Modelling; SSA, Sub-Saharan Africa; TFCs, Transnational Food Corporations; TLI, Tucker–Lewis Index; UN, United Nations; UNCTAD, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development; USD, United States Dollar; VAT, Value Added Tax; WHO, World Health Organization; WTO, World Trade Organization; YOY, Year on Year
پیش نمایش مقاله
پیش نمایش مقاله  شهرنشینی و تجارت بین المللی و سیاست های سرمایه گذاری به عنوان عوامل موثر بر بیماری های مسری در کشورهای جنوب صحرای آفریقا

چکیده انگلیسی

There are three dominant globalization pathways affecting noncommunicable diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA): urbanization, trade liberalization, and investment liberalization. Urbanization carries potential health benefits due to improved access to an increased variety of food imports, although for the growing number of urban poor, this has often meant increased reliance on cheap, highly processed food commodities. Reduced barriers to trade have eased the importation of such commodities, while investment liberalization has increased corporate consolidation over global and domestic food chains. Higher profit margins on processed foods have promoted the creation of ‘obesogenic’ environments, which through progressively integrated global food systems have been increasingly ‘exported’ to developing nations. This article explores globalization processes, the food environment, and dietary health outcomes in SSA through the use of trend analyses and structural equation modelling. The findings are considered in the context of global barriers and facilitators for healthy public policy.