هماهنگ سازی منطقه ای تجاری در کشورهای در حال ظهور و در حال توسعه: ادغام منطقه ای یا جهانی؟ یکپارچگی تجاری یا مالی؟

This paper examines the effects of regional versus global integration and trade versus financial integration on regional business cycle synchronization in three regions containing developing and emerging countries (East Asia, Latin America, and Central and Eastern Europe). The main empirical results are as follows: (1) strong and similar common global linkages, especially financial linkages, have significant positive effects on the synchronization of regional business cycles; (2) after controlling global linkages, regional trade integration has a positive effect on regional business cycle synchronization, whereas regional financial integration has a negative effect; and (3) although the direction for the effect of each type of integration is similar across regions, the relative importance of each in explaining regional business cycle synchronization is different. Specifically, while global financial linkages play the most important role in East Asia and Latin America, regional trade integration is most important in Central and Eastern Europe.