یکپارچگی بازار برق: مفاهیم کاربردی و روندهای جهانی برای منطقه ی شرق آسیا

Electricity market integration in East Asia is an important component of the energy market integration (EMI) initiatives supported by the East Asian Summit (EAS) group. The objectives of this study are twofold, namely, a) to present a review of the trends in regional electricity market integration and b) to draw implications for electricity market development in the EAS area. Specifically, this project will review the trends of integration in the world's major electricity markets and analyze the experience and lessons in those markets. It will provide an examination of the electricity sectors in East Asia in terms of market development and connectivity. The findings in this study lead to several policy recommendations. First, the findings imply that all EAS members should strengthen their national electricity markets and hence promote internal market integration. Second, members are encouraged to explore the possibility of sub-regional interconnectivity and cross-border electricity trade. Third, it is proposed that regulatory standards and rules should be harmonized over time. Finally, it is suggested that coordination in national policy making and development planning in the electricity sector could lead to more efficient allocation of resources within the region.► Review the trend in regional electricity market integration. ► Present a brief survey of electricity market in the EAS region. ► Draw policy implications for the EAS electricity market integration.

In the coming decades world demand for electricity is projected to have an average annual rate of growth of 2.3% which exceeds the growth rate (1.6%) of total energy use globally [1]. Thus the electricity sector plays an important role in promoting energy market integration (EMI) in the East Asian Summit (EAS) region. This report aims to present a brief review of the world's major electricity markets and global trends towards market integration. The findings are employed to draw implications for electricity market integration in the EAS area. The rest of the report begins with an overview of electricity demand in the world in Section 2. This is followed by discussions about the trends of electricity sector reforms and hence market integration initiatives in Section 3. Subsequently electricity markets in the EAS region are examined in Section 4. Policy recommendations are presented in Section 5 with the final section presenting concluding remarks (Section 6).

Growth in electricity demand in the world will outpace the growth of world energy consumption in the coming decades. The EAS economies currently account for about one-third of the world's total electricity consumption. This share is to grow modestly in the future. Thus electricity market integration has become an important part of the overall goal of developing an integrated energy market in the EAS area. Though major initiatives have been made to promote cross-border electricity trade and hence regional market integration, an integrated EAS electricity market is still a long way to go. Member economies have made various levels of progress towards market development, deregulation and interconnections. Much more work is however needed. Specifically many EAS members should focus on the development of national electricity markets and hence achieve the goal of internal market integration. Relatively more developed members could explore the possibility of sub-regional interconnection and development of cross-border power markets (such as the greater Mekong sub-regional connectivity and ASEAN power grid). In order to prepare for eventual regional integration, members should work together to harmonize regulatory standards and rules. Finally members should coordinate in national policy making and development planning in the electricity sector so as to achieve efficient allocation of resources and investment at the national level as well as within the EAS area.